Waiting for Christ (1 Thessalonians 1)

Thessaloniki is in today’s northern Greece. It was named after Queen Thessalonike, a half-sister of Alexander the Great. Also known as Thessalonica, it was the capital of Macedonia, a region originally only the size of Greek Macedonia, which grew to overlap parts of several modern countries, North Macedonia, Greece, Bulgaria, Albania, Serbia, and Kosovo.

In this letter to a young church, Paul often refers to the return of Jesus and that Christians must live as if He is coming soon. Let’s start in 1 Thessalonians 1.

Waiting for Christ

Who wrote the letter? What was their greeting?

Paul, Silvanus, and Timothy, To the church of the Thessalonians in God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ. (1 Thessalonians 1:1 NKJV)

Did they praise this church? Was it a happy little church?

We always thank God for all of you and pray for you constantly. As we pray to our God and Father about you, we think of your faithful work, your loving deeds, and the enduring hope you have because of our Lord Jesus Christ. (1 Thessalonians 1:2-3 NLT)

How did the Good News come to them? Was it by word and example? Did the Holy Spirit come in power?

We know, brothers loved by God, that you are chosen, and that our Good News came to you not in word only, but also in power, and in the Holy Spirit, and with much assurance. You know what kind of men we showed ourselves to be among you for your sake. (1 Thessalonians 1:4-5 WEB)

Did they imitate their message and in turn become examples to other believers?

You became imitators of us and of the Lord when you accepted the message that came from the Holy Spirit with joy in spite of great suffering. As a result you became an example to all the believers in Macedonia and Achaia. (1 Thessalonians 1:6-7 CEB)

Did the Gospel spread because of them? Were they former idolaters?

And because of you, the Lord's message has spread everywhere in those regions. Now the news of your faith in God is known all over the world, and we don't have to say a thing about it. Everyone is talking about how you welcomed us and how you turned away from idols to serve the true and living God. (1 Thessalonians 1:8-9 CEV)

Were they also waiting for Christ to come and deliver us?

and to wait for his Son from heaven, whom he raised from the dead, Jesus who delivers us from the wrath to come. (1 Thessalonians 1:10 ESV)

This new church was enthusiastic for the Gospel and their example spread. Were they waiting for Christ to return? Are we? You decide!

Slaves & Missionaries (Colossians 4)

How should we treat employees? How should we pray for missionaries? How should we act towards unbelievers? Let’s find out in Colossians 4.

In Roman society half the people were slaves, sometimes as prisoners doing hard labor, sometimes unjustly enslaved. How should brand new Christians treat their slaves? Could this same advice be given to employers today?

Slave owners, be fair and honest with your slaves. Don't forget that you have a Master in heaven. (Colossians 4:1 CEV)

How should we pray for missionaries?

Continue steadfastly in prayer, being watchful in it with thanksgiving. At the same time, pray also for us, that God may open to us a door for the word, to declare the mystery of Christ, on account of which I am in prison— that I may make it clear, which is how I ought to speak. (Colossians 4:2-4 ESV)

How should we act towards unbelievers?

Act wisely toward outsiders, making the most of the time. Your speech should always be gracious, seasoned with salt, so that you may know how you should answer each person. (Colossians 4:5-6 HCSB)

Who did Paul send?

Tychicus will tell you everything that has happened to me. He is a dear brother, a faithful minister, and a fellow servant in the Lord. I am sending him to you for this very reason, so that you may know how we are doing and that he may encourage your hearts. He is coming with Onesimus, that faithful and dear brother, who is one of you. They will tell you everything that is happening here. (Colossians 4:7-9 ISV)

Who else greeted them?

Aristarchus my fellowprisoner saluteth you, and Marcus, sister's son to Barnabas, (touching whom ye received commandments: if he come unto you, receive him;) And Jesus, which is called Justus, who are of the circumcision. These only are my fellowworkers unto the kingdom of God, which have been a comfort unto me. Epaphras, who is one of you, a servant of Christ, saluteth you, always labouring fervently for you in prayers, that ye may stand perfect and complete in all the will of God. For I bear him record, that he hath a great zeal for you, and them that are in Laodicea, and them in Hierapolis. (Colossians 4:10-13 KJV)

Where else was the letter to be read?

Luke, the beloved physician, sends you his greetings, and Demas does also. Greet the brothers and sisters who are in Laodicea and also Nympha and the church that is in her house. When this letter is read among you, have it also read in the church of the Laodiceans; and you, for your part, read my letter that is coming from Laodicea. Tell Archippus, “See to the ministry which you have received in the Lord, so that you may fulfill it.” (Colossians 4:14-17 NASB)

Who wrote the letter?

I, Paul, write this greeting in my own hand. Remember my chains. Grace be with you. (Colossians 4:18 NIV)

How should we treat those who work for us? How should we pray for missionaries? How should we act towards unbelievers? You decide!

Conclusion to Colossians

We have been delivered from the power of darkness, and translated into the kingdom of God’s dear Son. We are rooted and built up in Him, and established in the faith. In Christ we were also circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the sins of the flesh. We don’t need silly man-made rules like, “Don’t handle, don’t taste, don’t touch.” Do we let the word of Christ dwell in us richly in all wisdom? Do we teach and admonish one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in our hearts to the Lord? Do we treat employees fairly? You decide!

Christian Living (Colossians 3)

How should Christians live? Do we still live in anger, rage, malice, slander, and obscene language? Does the peace of Christ rule in our hearts? Are we becoming more and more like our Creator in our families and work life? Let’s discuss this in Colossians 3.

Christian Living

Were we buried with Him in baptism, and raised with Him through faith? Were we once spiritually dead because of our sins? Did God make us alive with Christ? What then should we seek?

If ye then be risen with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God. (Colossians 3:1 KJV)

What should we set our minds on?

Set your minds on the things that are above, not on the things that are on earth. (Colossians 3:2 NASB)

Why?

For you died, and your life is now hidden with Christ in God. (Colossians 3:3 NIV)

What will happen to us?

When Christ who is our life appears, then you also will appear with Him in glory. (Colossians 3:4 NKJV)

In the meantime what should we do?

So put to death the sinful, earthly things lurking within you. Have nothing to do with sexual immorality, impurity, lust, and evil desires. Don’t be greedy, for a greedy person is an idolater, worshiping the things of this world. (Colossians 3:5 NLT)

What is God going to do about it?

For these things’ sake the wrath of God comes on the children of disobedience. (Colossians 3:6 WEB)

How was our old way of life?

You used to live this way, when you were alive to these things. But now set aside these things, such as anger, rage, malice, slander, and obscene language. (Colossians 3:7-8 CEB)

What else should we give up?

And stop lying to each other. You have given up your old way of life with its habits. (Colossians 3:9 CEV)

Are we now finished or in the process?

Each of you is now a new person. You are becoming more and more like your Creator, and you will understand him better. (Colossians 3:10 CEV)

Put another way, what have we put on?

and have put on the new self, which is being renewed in knowledge after the image of its creator. (Colossians 3:10 ESV)

Do our physical differences matter?

Here there is not Greek and Jew, circumcised and uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave, free; but Christ is all, and in all. (Colossians 3:11 HCSB)

What makes for a loving and pleasant church?

Put on therefore, as the elect of God, holy and beloved, bowels of mercies, kindness, humbleness of mind, meekness, longsuffering; Forbearing one another, and forgiving one another, if any man have a quarrel against any: even as Christ forgave you, so also do ye. (Colossians 3:12-13 KJV)

What is missing that we are divided into so many denominations? What is the perfect bond of unity?

In addition to all these things put on love, which is the perfect bond of unity. (Colossians 3:14 NASB)

What are we called to?

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts, since as members of one body you were called to peace. And be thankful. (Colossians 3:15 NIV)

What is the most important word for all who call themselves Christians?

Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom, teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord. (Colossians 3:16 NKJV)

Who are we supposed to represent?

And whatever you do or say, do it as a representative of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks through him to God the Father. (Colossians 3:17 NLT)

Home & Work

What are two simple, basic principles of marriage?

Wives, be in subjection to your husbands, as is fitting in the Lord. Husbands, love your wives, and don’t be bitter against them. (Colossians 3:18-19 WEB)

What are two simple, basic principles of family life?

Children, obey your parents in everything, because this pleases the Lord. Parents, don’t provoke your children in a way that ends up discouraging them. (Colossians 3:20-21 CEB)

What if we are stuck in slavery or perhaps a job that we don’t like?

Slaves, you must always obey your earthly masters. Try to please them at all times, and not just when you think they are watching. Honor the Lord and serve your masters with your whole heart. Do your work willingly, as though you were serving the Lord himself, and not just your earthly master. In fact, the Lord Christ is the one you are really serving, and you know he will reward you. But Christ has no favorites! He will punish evil people, just as they deserve. (Colossians 3:22-25 CEV)

How should Christians live? Do we still live in anger, rage, malice, slander, and obscene language? Does the peace of Christ rule in our hearts? Are we becoming more and more like our Creator in our families and work life? You decide!

Christ vs Traditions (Colossians 2)

Church traditions build upon the foundation of Jesus Christ (1 Corinthians 3:10-15). Some traditions are like gold, silver and precious stones. Some are as worthless as wood, hay and stubble, not surviving the testing fire of God’s judgment.

Upon whom do we base our faith? Let’s discuss this in Colossians 2. What hidden mystery did Paul want them to know? Do we have the greatest treasures?

For I want you to know how great a struggle I have for you, for those in Laodicea, and for all who have not seen me in person. I want their hearts to be encouraged and joined together in love, so that they may have all the riches of assured understanding and have the knowledge of God’s mystery—Christ. All the treasures of wisdom and knowledge are hidden in Him. (Colossians 2:1-3 HCSB)

Does deception often sound good?

I say this so that no one will mislead you with nice-sounding rhetoric. For although I am physically absent, I am with you in spirit, rejoicing to see how stable you are and how firm your faith in the Messiah is. (Colossians 2:4-5 ISV)

Who and whose teachings are at the center of our faith?

As ye have therefore received Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk ye in him: Rooted and built up in him, and stablished in the faith, as ye have been taught, abounding therein with thanksgiving. (Colossians 2:6-7 KJV)

Can philosophy and empty human traditions deceive us or be given higher priority than the teachings of Christ?

See to it that there is no one who takes you captive through philosophy and empty deception in accordance with human tradition, in accordance with the elementary principles of the world, rather than in accordance with Christ. (Colossians 2:8 NASB)

Who is the head, a pope, a patriarch, a reformer, a televangelist, a founding pastor?

For in Christ all the fullness of the Deity lives in bodily form, and in Christ you have been brought to fullness. He is the head over every power and authority. (Colossians 2:9-10 NIV)

Christ Not the Law

What form of circumcision is still relevant?

In Him you were also circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the sins of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, buried with Him in baptism, in which you also were raised with Him through faith in the working of God, who raised Him from the dead. (Colossians 2:11-12 NKJV)

Were we once spiritually dead? What was nailed to the cross?

You were dead because of your sins and because your sinful nature was not yet cut away. Then God made you alive with Christ, for he forgave all our sins. He canceled the record of the charges against us and took it away by nailing it to the cross. (Colossians 2:13-14 NLT)

Was the cross a victory over spiritual rulers and powers?

Having stripped the principalities and the powers, he made a show of them openly, triumphing over them in it. (Colossians 2:15 WEB)

What were the Old Testament festivals?

So don’t let anyone judge you about eating or drinking or about a festival, a new moon observance, or sabbaths. These religious practices are only a shadow of what was coming—the body that cast the shadow is Christ. (Colossians 2:16-17 CEB)

Should we be cautious of people who claim to see angels and visions?

Don't be cheated by people who make a show of acting humble and who worship angels. They brag about seeing visions. But it is all nonsense, because their minds are filled with selfish desires. (Colossians 2:18 CEV)

What exposes counterfeits? To what do they not hold fast?

and not holding fast to the Head, from whom the whole body, nourished and knit together through its joints and ligaments, grows with a growth that is from God. (Colossians 2:19 ESV)

What kinds of rules do people try to bring into the church? What are some examples?

If you died with the Messiah to the elemental forces of this world, why do you live as if you still belonged to the world? Why do you submit to regulations: “Don’t handle, don’t taste, don’t touch”? (Colossians 2:20-21 HCSB)

What is the basis of such rules? For instance, is it easier to brag about never having had a drop of alcohol than to love our enemies? Which one is a man-made rule, and which one is a command of Christ? What will happen to all such human standards of righteousness?

All of these things will be destroyed as they are used, because they are based on human commands and teachings. (Colossians 2:22 ISV)

Do such rules only give an appearance of righteousness? Are they really effective?

These are matters which do have the appearance of wisdom in self-made religion and humility and severe treatment of the body, but are of no value against fleshly indulgence. (Colossians 2:23 NASB)

Church traditions build upon the foundation of Jesus Christ (1 Corinthians 3:10-15). Some traditions are like gold, silver and precious stones. Some are as worthless as wood, hay and stubble, not surviving the testing fire of God’s judgment. Upon whom do we base our faith? You decide!

The Mystery of Christ (Colossians 1)

Into whose kingdom have we been brought? Upon whom do we base our faith? What form of circumcision is still relevant? What kinds of rules do people try to bring into the church? What are some examples? How should Christians live? What is missing that we are divided into so many denominations? What is the perfect bond of unity? How should we act towards unbelievers? Are our lives touched by Christ’s liberating love?

Colossians 1 The Mystery of Christ

Was this a church with faith, hope and love? Is increasing in the knowledge of God important? Is Jesus the image of the invisible God? Is He before all things? Should we continue in the faith, grounded and steadfast, and not move away from the hope of the gospel? Was there a mystery hidden from ages and generations, but has now been revealed to His saints? What is that mystery? Let’s find out beginning in Colossians 1.

Who did Paul and Timothy write to in this letter?

From Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by God’s will, and Timothy our brother. To the holy and faithful brothers and sisters in Christ in Colossae. Grace and peace to you from God our Father. (Colossians 1:1-2 CEB)

In whom was their faith?

Each time we pray for you, we thank God, the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. We have heard of your faith in Christ and of your love for all God's people, because what you hope for is kept safe for you in heaven. You first heard about this hope when you believed the true message, which is the good news. (Colossians 1:3-5 CEV)

Where did they learn about Christ?

which has come to you, as indeed in the whole world it is bearing fruit and increasing—as it also does among you, since the day you heard it and understood the grace of God in truth, just as you learned it from Epaphras our beloved fellow servant. He is a faithful minister of Christ on your behalf and has made known to us your love in the Spirit. (Colossians 1:6-8 ESV)

For what important things did they pray?

For this reason also, since the day we heard this, we haven’t stopped praying for you. We are asking that you may be filled with the knowledge of His will in all wisdom and spiritual understanding, so that you may walk worthy of the Lord, fully pleasing to Him, bearing fruit in every good work and growing in the knowledge of God. (Colossians 1:9-10 HCSB)

For what else did they pray?

We also pray that you will be strengthened with all his glorious power so you will have all the endurance and patience you need. May you be filled with joy, always thanking the Father. He has enabled you to share in the inheritance that belongs to his people, who live in the light. (Colossians 1:11-12 NLT)

Into whose kingdom have we been brought?

Who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son: In whom we have redemption through his blood, even the forgiveness of sins: (Colossians 1:13-14 KJV)

Who is Jesus?

He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation: for by Him all things were created, both in the heavens and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones, or dominions, or rulers, or authorities—all things have been created through Him and for Him. (Colossians 1:15-16 NASB)

Who has the supremacy?

He is before all things, and in him all things hold together. And he is the head of the body, the church; he is the beginning and the firstborn from among the dead, so that in everything he might have the supremacy. (Colossians 1:17-18 NIV)

What does Jesus do?

For it pleased the Father that in Him all the fullness should dwell, and by Him to reconcile all things to Himself, by Him, whether things on earth or things in heaven, having made peace through the blood of His cross. (Colossians 1:19-20 NKJV)

Once begun must we continue in the faith?

You, being in past times alienated and enemies in your mind in your evil deeds, yet now he has reconciled in the body of his flesh through death, to present you holy and without defect and blameless before him, if it is so that you continue in the faith, grounded and steadfast, and not moved away from the hope of the Good News which you heard, which is being proclaimed in all creation under heaven, of which I, Paul, was made a servant. (Colossians 1:21-23 WEB)

Did Paul suffer? Was the Gospel once a secret?

I am glad I can suffer for you. I am pleased also that in my own body I can continue the suffering of Christ for his body, the church. God's plan was to make me a servant of his church and to send me to preach his complete message to you. For ages and ages this message was kept secret from everyone, but now it has been explained to God's people. (Colossians 1:24-26 CEV)

Who did they proclaim?

To them God chose to make known how great among the Gentiles are the riches of the glory of this mystery, which is Christ in you, the hope of glory. Him we proclaim, warning everyone and teaching everyone with all wisdom, that we may present everyone mature in Christ. For this I toil, struggling with all his energy that he powerfully works within me. (Colossians 1:27-29 ESV)

Was this a church with faith, hope and love? Is increasing in the knowledge of God important? Is Jesus the image of the invisible God? Is He before all things? Should we continue in the faith, grounded and steadfast, and not move away from the hope of the gospel? Was there a mystery hidden from ages and generations, but has now been revealed to His saints? What is that mystery? You decide!

The Law of Christ (Galatians 6)

Should we treat each other gently, with the undeserved kindness that we have received from God? Is the law of Christ fulfilled when we bear each other’s burdens? Let’s see.

How should we try to restore a wayward friend?

Brothers, if anyone is caught in any transgression, you who are spiritual should restore him in a spirit of gentleness. Keep watch on yourself, lest you too be tempted. (Galatians 6:1 ESV)

Is the law of Christ different to the law of Moses? How can we fulfill it?

Carry one another’s burdens; in this way you will fulfill the law of Christ. (Galatians 6:2 HCSB)

What about those who think they are better than others, too good to fall into sin?

For if a man think himself to be something, when he is nothing, he deceiveth himself. (Galatians 6:3 KJV)

Is comparing ourselves to others wise?

Pay careful attention to your own work, for then you will get the satisfaction of a job well done, and you won’t need to compare yourself to anyone else. For we are each responsible for our own conduct. (Galatians 6:4-5 NLT)

Should we share with our teachers?

The one who is taught the word is to share all good things with the one who teaches him. (Galatians 6:6 NASB)

What is sowing to the Spirit?

Do not be deceived: God cannot be mocked. A man reaps what he sows. Whoever sows to please their flesh, from the flesh will reap destruction; whoever sows to please the Spirit, from the Spirit will reap eternal life. Let us not become weary in doing good, for at the proper time we will reap a harvest if we do not give up. Therefore, as we have opportunity, let us do good to all people, especially to those who belong to the family of believers. (Galatians 6:7-10 NIV)

Is there a possible clue to Paul’s “thorn in the flesh” here (2 Corinthians 12:7)?

See with what large letters I have written to you with my own hand! (Galatians 6:11 NKJV)

What particular part of the law was Paul wrestling with in Galatia? Where does the cross fit in?

All who want to make a good showing in the flesh try to compel you to be circumcised, simply so that they will not be persecuted for the cross of Christ. For those who are circumcised do not even keep the Law themselves, but they want to have you circumcised so that they may boast in your flesh. (Galatians 6:12-13 NASB)

What did Paul want to boast about?

But as for me, God forbid that I should boast about anything except for the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ. The world has been crucified to me through him, and I have been crucified to the world. (Galatians 6:14 CEB)

What really matters?

It doesn't matter if you are circumcised or not. All that matters is that you are a new person. If you follow this rule, you will belong to God's true people. God will treat you with undeserved kindness and will bless you with peace. (Galatians 6:15-16 CEV)

Had Paul had quite enough of such talk?

From now on let no one cause me trouble, for I bear on my body the marks of Jesus. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit, brothers. Amen. (Galatians 6:17-18 ESV)

Let’s treat each other gently, with the undeserved kindness that we have received from God. Should we bear each other’s burdens and so fulfill the law of Christ? You decide!

Conclusion to Galatians

Paul was an apostle, recognized by the other apostles and his writings were recognized by the church as inspired scripture (2 Peter 3:15-16). The gospel he preached he received by revelation from Jesus Christ. We don’t receive the Holy Spirit by doing the works of the Law but by believing what we heard. As Abraham “believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness,” so the spiritual children of Abraham, are those who put their faith in God. We are all God’s children through faith in Christ Jesus. People who are trying to be made righteous by the Law have been estranged from Christ. They have fallen away from grace! Are we imprisoned in legalism, the letter of the law or do we live freed in grace? You decide!

Christian Freedom (Galatians 5)

Is there freedom in Christ? Is it lawlessness? Do any laws of Christ give us freedom? Are Christians free or not?

Stand fast therefore in the liberty wherewith Christ hath made us free, and be not entangled again with the yoke of bondage. (Galatians 5:1 KJV)

Will laws like circumcision make us right with God? Is circumcision symbolic of the whole law?

Listen! I, Paul, tell you this: If you are counting on circumcision to make you right with God, then Christ will be of no benefit to you. I’ll say it again. If you are trying to find favor with God by being circumcised, you must obey every regulation in the whole law of Moses. (Galatians 5:2-3 NLT)

What was the Galatian heresy? Was it just circumcision or the law of Moses?

You people who are trying to be made righteous by the Law have been estranged from Christ. You have fallen away from grace! (Galatians 5:4 CEB)

What does living by the Spirit do?

But the Spirit makes us sure God will accept us because of our faith in Christ. If you are a follower of Christ Jesus, it makes no difference whether you are circumcised or not. All that matters is your faith that makes you love others. (Galatians 5:5-6 CEV)

Where did this heresy come from?

You were running well. Who hindered you from obeying the truth? This persuasion is not from him who calls you. (Galatians 5:7-8 ESV)

How much damage can one person with an agenda do? Is there a penalty for them?

A little yeast leavens the whole lump of dough. I have confidence in the Lord you will not accept any other view. But whoever it is that is confusing you will pay the penalty. (Galatians 5:9-10 HCSB)

If Paul had preached circumcision, would he have suffered persecution?

And I, brethren, if I yet preach circumcision, why do I yet suffer persecution? then is the offence of the cross ceased. (Galatians 5:11 KJV)

Does Paul wish they would be literally or metaphorically castrated, perhaps cut off from the local congregation?

I would they were even cut off which trouble you. (Galatians 5:12 KJV)

Should we abuse our Christian freedom?

For you were called to freedom, brothers and sisters; only do not turn your freedom into an opportunity for the flesh, but serve one another through love. (Galatians 5:13 NASB)

Is a command outside of the Ten Commandments, key to the spirit of the law?

For the entire law is fulfilled in keeping this one command: “Love your neighbor as yourself.” (Galatians 5:14 NIV Leviticus 19:18)

What happens in churches where people continually criticize and attack each other? What’s the answer?

But if you bite and devour one another, beware lest you be consumed by one another! I say then: Walk in the Spirit, and you shall not fulfill the lust of the flesh. (Galatians 5:15-16 NKJV)

How does the Spirit direct us differently than our sinful nature? Is the law of Moses a Christian obligation?

The sinful nature wants to do evil, which is just the opposite of what the Spirit wants. And the Spirit gives us desires that are the opposite of what the sinful nature desires. These two forces are constantly fighting each other, so you are not free to carry out your good intentions. But when you are directed by the Spirit, you are not under obligation to the law of Moses. (Galatians 5:17-18 NLT)

What are some examples of the works of the flesh? Will these keep us out of God’s kingdom?

Now the deeds of the flesh are obvious, which are: adultery, sexual immorality, uncleanness, lustfulness, idolatry, sorcery, hatred, strife, jealousies, outbursts of anger, rivalries, divisions, heresies, envy, murders, drunkenness, orgies, and things like these; of which I forewarn you, even as I also forewarned you, that those who practice such things will not inherit God’s Kingdom. (Galatians 5:19-21 WEB)

What does the Spirit produce in us?

But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control. There is no law against things like this. (Galatians 5:22-23 CEB)

What happened to our selfish ways? How should we act?

And because we belong to Christ Jesus, we have killed our selfish feelings and desires. God's Spirit has given us life, and so we should follow the Spirit. But don't be conceited or make others jealous by claiming to be better than they are. (Galatians 5:24-26 CEV)

Freedom in Christ is not lawlessness, but the laws of Christ, summarized by the word love, and guided by the Holy Spirit. Do we want to be free? You decide!

Two Covenants (Galatians 4)

Living under the law of Moses was like a child under a tutor, or like a slave. How does Paul explain this?

Now I say, as long as the heir is a child, he does not differ at all from a slave, although he is owner of everything, but he is under guardians and managers until the date set by the father. (Galatians 4:1-2 NASB)

To whom were WE slaves?

In the same way, when we were minors, we were also enslaved by this world’s system. (Galatians 4:3 CEB)

The word “law” is used in several ways in the Bible: as the entire Old Testament (John 12:34 cp. 2 Samuel 7:15-16; Micah 5:2), the books of Moses (Luke 24:44), the law of Moses (Acts 13:39), the law of faith (Romans 3:27), the law of the mind (Romans 7:23-24), the law of sin and death versus the law of the Spirit of life (Romans 8:2), the laws of our country (Romans 13:1-6), and the law of liberty (James 1:25). Which law is referred to here?

But when the set time had fully come, God sent his Son, born of a woman, born under the law, to redeem those under the law, that we might receive adoption to sonship. (Galatians 4:4-5 NIV)

What has God done for us?

And because you are sons, God has sent forth the Spirit of His Son into your hearts, crying out, “Abba, Father!” (Galatians 4:6 NKJV)

What is the result?

Now you are no longer a slave but God’s own child. And since you are his child, God has made you his heir. (Galatians 4:7 NLT)

Were the Galatians turning back to slavery?

At the time, when you didn’t know God, you were enslaved by things that aren’t gods by nature. But now, after knowing God (or rather, being known by God), how can you turn back again to the weak and worthless world system? Do you want to be slaves to it again? (Galatians 4:8-9 CEB)

Were annual and weekly worship days part of that slavery?

You even celebrate certain days, months, seasons, and years. I am afraid I have wasted my time working with you. (Galatians 4:10-11 CEV)

Do friends tell friends the truth?

Brothers, I entreat you, become as I am, for I also have become as you are. You did me no wrong. You know it was because of a bodily ailment that I preached the gospel to you at first, and though my condition was a trial to you, you did not scorn or despise me, but received me as an angel of God, as Christ Jesus. What then has become of your blessedness? For I testify to you that, if possible, you would have gouged out your eyes and given them to me. Have I then become your enemy by telling you the truth? (Galatians 4:12-16 ESV)

What is a possible motive for legalism?

They are enthusiastic about you, but not for any good. Instead, they want to isolate you so you will be enthusiastic about them. Now it is always good to be enthusiastic about good—and not just when I am with you. (Galatians 4:17-18 HCSB)

How was Paul wanting to handle this?

My little children, of whom I travail in birth again until Christ be formed in you, I desire to be present with you now, and to change my voice; for I stand in doubt of you. (Galatians 4:19-20 KJV)

Does the law itself teach us about this?

Tell me, you who want to be under law, do you not listen to the Law? (Galatians 4:21 NASB)

What analogy does Paul use?

For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the slave woman and the other by the free woman. His son by the slave woman was born according to the flesh, but his son by the free woman was born as the result of a divine promise. (Galatians 4:22-23 NIV cp. Genesis 16:15)

What covenant was given at Mt Sinai?

…which things are symbolic. For these are the two covenants: the one from Mount Sinai which gives birth to bondage, which is Hagar—for this Hagar is Mount Sinai in Arabia, and corresponds to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children—but the Jerusalem above is free, which is the mother of us all. For it is written: “Rejoice, O barren, You who do not bear! Break forth and shout, You who are not in labor! For the desolate has many more children Than she who has a husband.” (Galatians 4:24-27 NKJV)

Do legalists still harass true Christians?

And you, dear brothers and sisters, are children of the promise, just like Isaac. But you are now being persecuted by those who want you to keep the law, just as Ishmael, the child born by human effort, persecuted Isaac, the child born by the power of the Spirit. (Galatians 4:28-29 NLT)

Can the two covenants coexist?

However what does the Scripture say? “Throw out the servant and her son, for the son of the servant will not inherit with the son of the free woman.” So then, brothers, we are not children of a servant, but of the free woman. (Galatians 4:30-31 WEB)

Where does this come from?

But Sarah saw Ishmael—the son of Abraham and her Egyptian servant Hagar—making fun of her son, Isaac. So she turned to Abraham and demanded, “Get rid of that slave woman and her son. He is not going to share the inheritance with my son, Isaac. I won’t have it!” (Genesis 21:9-10 NLT)

Do we prefer the covenant from Mount Sinai which gives birth to bondage? Works of the law like physical circumcision, worship days or food laws are no longer necessary. The letter of the old covenant is no longer relevant to the Christian, only the Spirit of the law in loving God and neighbor. Are we justified by the law or faith? You decide!

Faith not Legalism (Galatians 3)

Paul explained how we are justified by grace through faith, not works of the law. How is Abraham a model for Christians? Who are the real children of Abraham? What about Christians who insist on the works of the law? Is the law continued in spirit, discontinued in the letter, and thus transformed as the law of Christ? Let’s find out in Galatians 3.

How did we receive the Holy Spirit?

You irrational Galatians! Who put a spell on you? Jesus Christ was put on display as crucified before your eyes! I just want to know this from you: Did you receive the Spirit by doing the works of the Law or by believing what you heard? (Galatians 3:1-2 CEB)

So then, do we obey the letter of the law after receiving the Holy Spirit?

Are you so irrational? After you started with the Spirit, are you now finishing up with your own human effort? Did you experience so much for nothing? I wonder if it really was for nothing. (Galatians 3:3-4 CEB)

Abraham was before the law. How can we learn from him?

Does he who supplies the Spirit to you and works miracles among you do so by works of the law, or by hearing with faith—just as Abraham “believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness”? (Galatians 3:5-6 ESV Genesis 15:6)

Who are the real sons of Abraham? Could this also give a different view of apostolic succession, rather than an unbroken line of ordinations, an unbroken line of faith, a continuation of the apostles’ teachings? Do we teach the apostles’ doctrines?

The real children of Abraham, then, are those who put their faith in God. (Galatians 3:7 NLT)

Was this foretold?

Now the Scripture saw in advance that God would justify the Gentiles by faith and told the good news ahead of time to Abraham, saying, All the nations will be blessed through you. (Galatians 3:8 HCSB)

Abraham was blessed long before the external works of the law. Do we receive a similar blessing with Abraham?

So then they which be of faith are blessed with faithful Abraham. (Galatians 3:9 KJV)

What about Christians who insist on the works of the law?

For all who are of works of the Law are under a curse; for it is written: “Cursed is everyone who does not abide by all the things written in the book of the Law, to do them.” (Galatians 3:10 NASB)

Can we rely on the works of the law to be justified?

Clearly no one who relies on the law is justified before God, because “the righteous will live by faith.” The law is not based on faith; on the contrary, it says, “The person who does these things will live by them.” (Galatians 3:11-12 NIV)

Did Jesus pay the price to free us from the curse pronounced by the law?

Christ has redeemed us from the curse of the law, having become a curse for us (for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who hangs on a tree”), that the blessing of Abraham might come upon the Gentiles in Christ Jesus, that we might receive the promise of the Spirit through faith. (Galatians 3:13-14 NKJV)

Was the promise to Abraham set aside by the law?

Dear brothers and sisters, here’s an example from everyday life. Just as no one can set aside or amend an irrevocable agreement, so it is in this case. God gave the promises to Abraham and his child. And notice that the Scripture doesn’t say “to his children,” as if it meant many descendants. Rather, it says “to his child”—and that, of course, means Christ. (Galatians 3:15-16 NLT)

How many years before the law was the promise to Abraham made?

What I am saying is that the Law cannot change or cancel God's promise made 430 years before the Law was given. (Galatians 3:17 CEV)

Was the inheritance by the law?

For if the inheritance is of the law, it is no more of promise; but God has granted it to Abraham by promise. (Galatians 3:18 WEB)

Until Christ?

Why was the law added 430 years later? Until when was the law supposed to last?

What is the use of the Law? It was given later to show that we sin. But it was only supposed to last until the coming of that descendant who was given the promise. In fact, angels gave the Law to Moses, and he gave it to the people. (Galatians 3:19 CEV)

Can obeying the law make us right with God?

Now a mediator is helpful if more than one party must reach an agreement. But God, who is one, did not use a mediator when he gave his promise to Abraham. Is there a conflict, then, between God’s law and God’s promises? Absolutely not! If the law could give us new life, we could be made right with God by obeying it. (Galatians 3:20-21 NLT)

Who can be free from sin?

But the Scriptures declare that we are all prisoners of sin, so we receive God’s promise of freedom only by believing in Jesus Christ. (Galatians 3:22 NLT)

Were we in protective custody until Christ?

Now before faith came, we were held captive under the law, imprisoned until the coming faith would be revealed. So then, the law was our guardian until Christ came, in order that we might be justified by faith. (Galatians 3:23-24 ESV)

Until Heaven and Earth Pass?

Do Romans and Galatians contradict Jesus who said that not one jot or tittle of the law would pass until heaven and earth pass (Romans 10:4; Galatians 3:13; 5:1-4)? The phrase “the Law and the Prophets” refers to the two grand divisions of the Old Testament. The word “fulfill” does not mean do away with but rather to fill to the full.

Don’t even begin to think that I have come to do away with the Law and the Prophets. I haven’t come to do away with them but to fulfill them. I say to you very seriously that as long as heaven and earth exist, neither the smallest letter nor even the smallest stroke of a pen will be erased from the Law until everything there becomes a reality. (Matthew 5:17-18 CEB)

Does preserving the Old Testament include keeping even the least of its commandments? Jesus did not say the Ten Commandments, nor the 613 Commandments of the Old Testament, but “these” that is, these My commandments.

Whoever therefore breaks one of the least of these commandments, and teaches men so, shall be called least in the kingdom of heaven; but whoever does and teaches them, he shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven. (Matthew 5:19 NKJV)

Is there a clue to answer the seeming contradiction?

For I tell you that unless your righteousness surpasses that of the Pharisees and the teachers of the law, you will certainly not enter the kingdom of heaven. (Matthew 5:20 NIV)

Resolving the Puzzle

Is the law still relevant until heaven and earth pass away or only until Christ? Is there a contradiction? Jesus explains how the spirit of the whole law still applies in Christian living. Romans and Galatians discuss the outward works or letter of the law such as circumcision, days and foods. Another passage explains the difference.

He has made us competent to be ministers of a new covenant, not of the letter, but of the Spirit. For the letter kills, but the Spirit produces life. (2 Corinthians 3:6 HCSB)

Jesus clearly contradicts dividing the law into parts like a moral law that stays and civil or ceremonial laws that are erased, by saying that not a jot or tittle will disappear. How? Is the law continued in spirit, discontinued in the letter, and thus transformed as the law of Christ? The biggest clue is that we are circumcised of heart, not flesh. Are we thus God’s children through faith?

But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a custodian. You are all God’s children through faith in Christ Jesus. (Galatians 3:25-26 CEB)

Are baptized Christians really one in Christ?

For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ have put on Christ like a garment. There is no Jew or Greek, slave or free, male or female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus. (Galatians 3:27-28 HCSB)

Does Abraham’s promise from before the law was given, also apply to us?

And if ye be Christ's, then are ye Abraham's seed, and heirs according to the promise. (Galatians 3:29 KJV)

We are justified by grace, not works of the law. Abraham is a model for us. Before the law he was declared righteous by faith (Romans 4:9, 13). Through faith we are the real children of Abraham. Christians who insist on the works of the law are under a curse. The law is continued in spirit, discontinued in the letter, and thus transformed as the law of Christ. Do we fulfill the law by keeping the letter of physical observances or by acting in love towards God and our neighbor? You decide!

Legalism is Sin & Slavery (Galatians 2)

Paul was directly taught by the resurrected Jesus, but was not a rebel. He cooperated with the Apostles before him. Was the commandment to be circumcised still valid in the flesh, that is, in the letter of the law? Is there a spiritual application of the law of circumcision? Are works of the law and good works of obedience to Christ different things? Does the law define true righteousness? Let’s find out in Galatians 2.

Where did Paul go to double check his teachings about the law and the Gospel?

Then after fourteen years I went up again to Jerusalem with Barnabas, taking Titus along with me. (Galatians 2:1 ESV)

Did God inspire this journey? Why did he confine his conversation to church leadership?

I went up according to a revelation and presented to them the gospel I preach among the Gentiles—but privately to those recognized as leaders—so that I might not be running, or have run the race, in vain. (Galatians 2:2 HCSB)

Was the commandment to be circumcised still valid in the flesh, that is, in the letter of the law?

But neither Titus, who was with me, being a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised: (Galatians 2:3 KJV)

Is there a spiritual application of the law?

When you came to Christ, you were “circumcised,” but not by a physical procedure. Christ performed a spiritual circumcision—the cutting away of your sinful nature. (Colossians 2:11 NLT cf. Deuteronomy 10:16; 30:6; Jeremiah 4:4)

Did false brethren want to enslave Christians?

Yet it was a concern because of the false brothers secretly brought in, who had sneaked in to spy on our freedom which we have in Christ Jesus, in order to enslave us. (Galatians 2:4 NASB)

Did Paul give in to these legalists?

We did not give in to them for a moment, so that the truth of the gospel might be preserved for you. (Galatians 2:5 NIV)

Was Paul impressed by titles or positions in the church?

But from those who seemed to be something—whatever they were, it makes no difference to me; God shows personal favoritism to no man—for those who seemed to be something added nothing to me. (Galatians 2:6 NKJV)

Were there different targets in their outreach ministry?

Instead, they saw that God had given me the responsibility of preaching the gospel to the Gentiles, just as he had given Peter the responsibility of preaching to the Jews. For the same God who worked through Peter as the apostle to the Jews also worked through me as the apostle to the Gentiles. (Galatians 2:7-8 NLT)

Did they accept them as coworkers?

and when they perceived the grace that was given to me, James and Cephas and John, those who were reputed to be pillars, gave to Barnabas and me the right hand of fellowship, that we should go to the Gentiles, and they to the circumcision. (Galatians 2:9 WEB)

Was there a reminder of something important? Is this far less quibbling over minutia than some Christian discussions?

They asked only that we would remember the poor, which was certainly something I was willing to do. (Galatians 2:10 CEB)

Was Peter corrected on a point?

When Peter came to Antioch, I told him face to face that he was wrong. He used to eat with Gentile followers of the Lord, until James sent some Jewish followers. Peter was afraid of the Jews and soon stopped eating with Gentiles. He and the others hid their true feelings so well that even Barnabas was fooled. (Galatians 2:11-13 CEV)

Jesus told us to go to our brother alone when correcting a major fault, but are elders in a very different position? Are elders to be publicly corrected? Why?

But those elders who are sinning you are to reprove before everyone, so that the others may take warning. (1 Timothy 5:20 NIV)

What was Paul’s specific correction of Peter?

But when I saw that they were deviating from the truth of the gospel, I told Cephas in front of everyone, “If you, who are a Jew, live like a Gentile and not like a Jew, how can you compel Gentiles to live like Jews?” (Galatians 2:14 HCSB)

What specific point was Paul leading up to? How are we justified? Are works of the law and good works of obedience to Christ different things?

We who are Jews by nature, and not sinners of the Gentiles, Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law, but by the faith of Jesus Christ, even we have believed in Jesus Christ, that we might be justified by the faith of Christ, and not by the works of the law: for by the works of the law shall no flesh be justified. (Galatians 2:15-16 KJV)

Does that mean that we can freely sin?

But if, while seeking to be justified in Christ, we ourselves have also been found sinners, is Christ then a servant of sin? Far from it! (Galatians 2:17 NASB)

How would Paul prevent being a sinner, by obeying the law all over again, or something else? Was he dead to the law?

Rather, I am a sinner if I rebuild the old system of law I already tore down. For when I tried to keep the law, it condemned me. So I died to the law—I stopped trying to meet all its requirements—so that I might live for God. (Galatians 2:18-19 NLT)

How are we then to live?

I have been crucified with Christ; it is no longer I who live, but Christ lives in me; and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave Himself for me. (Galatians 2:20 NKJV)

Does the law define true righteousness?

I don’t reject the grace of God. For if righteousness is through the law, then Christ died for nothing! (Galatians 2:21 WEB)

Paul was directly taught by the resurrected Jesus, but was not a rebel. He cooperated with the Apostles before him. The commandment to be circumcised is still valid in a spiritual manner. Works of the law and good works of obedience to Christ are different things. The Apostles agreed with Paul, that going back to the letter of the law does not make us righteous. In fact, rebuilding the legalistic bondage of the law makes us sinners and slaves. The law is good, but it no longer defines righteousness, faith does. Do you have faith? You decide!

Paul's Authority (Galatians 1)

Who was Paul? Why did Peter recognize his authority? Did he contradict or complement the teachings of Jesus about the law? Is there a difference between physical and spiritual circumcision? What defines true righteousness, the letter of the law or faith? How do we receive the Holy Spirit, by doing the works of the Law or by believing what we hear? Are the real children of Abraham those who put their faith in God? Are we God’s children through faith in Christ Jesus? Did Paul question the celebration of certain days, months, seasons, and years? What about food laws? Does trying to be made righteous by the Law make us estranged from Christ? What are deeds of the flesh and the fruit of the Spirit? How should we try to restore a wayward friend? Let’s discuss all these issues in the book of Galatians.

Galatians 1 Paul’s Authority

Galatia was a geographical area in the middle of modern Turkey. The letter to the churches in Galatia describes a problem that still exists today, how they had fallen backwards from the grace of the Gospel into outward works of the law.

Thus, the theme of Galatians is justification by faith in Christ’s death and resurrection, apart from the works of the Mosaic Law. Do we differentiate between the outward works of the law like circumcision, sabbaths and food laws versus good works of obedience to Christ?

Were Paul’s claims and his writings recognized by the church? Were the Galatians being deceived into a false gospel? Let’s find out in Galatians 1.

Who ordained Paul? Would his credentials upset church leaders today?

This letter is from Paul, an apostle. I was not appointed by any group of people or any human authority, but by Jesus Christ himself and by God the Father, who raised Jesus from the dead. (Galatians 1:1 NLT)

Paul’s claims were thoroughly vetted by the other apostles and his writings were recognized by the church as inspired scripture (2 Peter 3:15-16)? Would anyone making a claim to ministry today, similarly have to either be accepted or rejected by an orthodox (or right teaching) church community? Were others with him as he wrote?

and from all the brothers and sisters with me. To the churches in Galatia. (Galatians 1:2 CEB Acts 14:20-22)

This is a very abrupt greeting. They had fallen away from the truth. Nevertheless does Paul begin with a blessing?

I pray that God the Father and our Lord Jesus Christ will be kind to you and will bless you with peace! (Galatians 1:3 CEV)

Paul’s prayer is for grace or kindness, and peace or wholeness. Why did Jesus give Himself?

who gave himself for our sins to deliver us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father, to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen. (Galatians 1:4-5 ESV)

Does Paul get right down to business? What was the issue?

I marvel that ye are so soon removed from him that called you into the grace of Christ unto another gospel: Which is not another; but there be some that trouble you, and would pervert the gospel of Christ. (Galatians 1:6-7 KJV)

How serious is Paul about this problem?

But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach to you a gospel other than what we have preached to you, a curse be on him! As we have said before, I now say again: If anyone preaches to you a gospel contrary to what you received, a curse be on him! (Galatians 1:8-9 HCSB)

Should church leaders preach to please people or God? Does this mean that Godly preaching will sometimes anger people?

For am I now seeking the favor of people, or of God? Or am I striving to please people? If I were still trying to please people, I would not be a bond-servant of Christ. (Galatians 1:10 NASB)

How did Paul receive the Gospel?

I want you to know, brothers and sisters, that the gospel I preached is not of human origin. I did not receive it from any man, nor was I taught it; rather, I received it by revelation from Jesus Christ. (Galatians 1:11-12 NIV)

How zealous was Paul once of the law and its associated traditions?

For you have heard of my former conduct in Judaism, how I persecuted the church of God beyond measure and tried to destroy it. And I advanced in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries in my own nation, being more exceedingly zealous for the traditions of my fathers. (Galatians 1:13 NKJV)

What changed in Paul?

But even before I was born, God chose me and called me by his marvelous grace. Then it pleased him to reveal his Son to me so that I would proclaim the Good News about Jesus to the Gentiles. When this happened, I did not rush out to consult with any human being. Nor did I go up to Jerusalem to consult with those who were apostles before I was. Instead, I went away into Arabia, and later I returned to the city of Damascus. (Galatians 1:15-17 NLT)

After his time of direct revelation from Jesus Christ in Arabia what did Paul do?

Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem to visit Peter, and stayed with him fifteen days. But of the other apostles I saw no one except James, the Lord’s brother. (Galatians 1:18-19 WEB)

Would some people naturally disbelieve Paul?

Before God, I’m not lying about the things that I’m writing to you! (Galatians 1:20 CEB)

How was Paul received in Syria and Cilicia?

Later, I went to the regions of Syria and Cilicia. But no one who belonged to Christ's churches in Judea had ever seen me in person. They had only heard that the one who had been cruel to them was now preaching the message that he had once tried to destroy. And because of me, they praised God. (Galatians 1:21-24 CEV)

Paul was trained in a manner different to the twelve, by revelation from Jesus Christ. Having come out of a law tradition, he was well equipped to handle the heresy of legalism that was deceiving the churches of Galatia. Is the counterfeit gospel of law righteousness still a concern in our churches today? You decide!

Jesus' Resurrection (Matthew 28)

Did Jesus have some important instructions after His resurrection? Let’s find out in Matthew 28.

Jesus’ Resurrection

What happened early that Sunday morning?

After the Sabbath, at dawn on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary went to look at the tomb. There was a violent earthquake, for an angel of the Lord came down from heaven and, going to the tomb, rolled back the stone and sat on it. His appearance was like lightning, and his clothes were white as snow. The guards were so afraid of him that they shook and became like dead men. (Matthew 28:1-4 NIV)

What surprising news did the angel bring?

Then the angel spoke to the women. “Don’t be afraid!” he said. “I know you are looking for Jesus, who was crucified. He isn’t here! He is risen from the dead, just as he said would happen. Come, see where his body was lying. (Matthew 28:5-6 NLT)

What did they ask the women to do?

Go quickly and tell his disciples, ‘He has risen from the dead, and behold, he goes before you into Galilee; there you will see him.’ Behold, I have told you. (Matthew 28:7 WEB)

What other joyful surprise greeted them on their way?

With great fear and excitement, they hurried away from the tomb and ran to tell his disciples. But Jesus met them and greeted them. They came and grabbed his feet and worshipped him. (Matthew 28:8-9 CEB)

What message did Jesus ask them to pass on?

Then Jesus said, “Don't be afraid! Tell my followers to go to Galilee. They will see me there.” (Matthew 28:10 CEV)

What conspiracy did the priests contrive?

While they were going, behold, some of the guard went into the city and told the chief priests all that had taken place. And when they had assembled with the elders and taken counsel, they gave a sufficient sum of money to the soldiers and said, “Tell people, ‘His disciples came by night and stole him away while we were asleep.’ And if this comes to the governor's ears, we will satisfy him and keep you out of trouble.” So they took the money and did as they were directed. And this story has been spread among the Jews to this day. (Matthew 28:11-15 ESV)

How did the disciples greet Jesus?

The 11 disciples traveled to Galilee, to the mountain where Jesus had directed them. When they saw Him, they worshiped, but some doubted. (Matthew 28:16-17 HCSB)

Jesus’ Great Commission

How much power does the resurrected Jesus wield?

And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth. (Matthew 28:18 KJV)

Who were they to teach? The Greek word translated nations is ethnos meaning cultures.

Go and make disciples of all nations [cultures], (Matthew 28:19a WEB)

What is the most important thing about baptism?

baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, (Matthew 28:19b CEB)

What was to be the focus of their teaching?

and teach them to do everything I have told you. (Matthew 28:20a CEV)

Has Jesus gone far away from us, or is He also still present with us?

And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age. (Matthew 28:20b ESV)

Do we make disciples of all cultures or create exclusive little ethnic clubs? Do we baptize in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit? Is our focus to teach disciples to do everything Jesus taught or something else? You decide!

Jesus' Crucifixion (Matthew 27b)

What did they do as they crucified Jesus? Let’s look at Matthew 27:34-66.

The soldiers gave Jesus wine mixed with bitter gall, but when he had tasted it, he refused to drink it. After they had nailed him to the cross, the soldiers gambled for his clothes by throwing dice. Then they sat around and kept guard as he hung there. A sign was fastened above Jesus’ head, announcing the charge against him. It read: “This is Jesus, the King of the Jews.” Two revolutionaries were crucified with him, one on his right and one on his left. (Matthew 27:34-38 NLT)

What did passers by, religious leaders and robbers say?

Those who passed by blasphemed him, wagging their heads and saying, “You who destroy the temple and build it in three days, save yourself! If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross!” Likewise the chief priests also mocking with the scribes, the Pharisees, and the elders, said, “He saved others, but he can’t save himself. If he is the King of Israel, let him come down from the cross now, and we will believe in him. He trusts in God. Let God deliver him now, if he wants him; for he said, ‘I am the Son of God.’” The robbers also who were crucified with him cast on him the same reproach. (Matthew 27:39-44 WEB)

What happened as Jesus died?

From noon until three in the afternoon the whole earth was dark. At about three Jesus cried out with a loud shout, “Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani,” which means, “My God, my God, why have you left me?” After hearing him, some standing there said, “He’s calling Elijah.” One of them ran over, took a sponge full of vinegar, and put it on a pole. He offered it to Jesus to drink. But the rest of them said, “Let’s see if Elijah will come and save him.” Again Jesus cried out with a loud shout. Then he died. (Matthew 27:45-50 CEB)

What happened immediately after?

At once the curtain in the temple was torn in two from top to bottom. The earth shook, and rocks split apart. Graves opened, and many of God's people were raised to life. They left their graves, and after Jesus had risen to life, they went into the holy city, where they were seen by many people. The officer and the soldiers guarding Jesus felt the earthquake and saw everything else that happened. They were frightened and said, “This man really was God's Son!” (Matthew 27:51-54 CEV)

Who else was there?

There were also many women there, looking on from a distance, who had followed Jesus from Galilee, ministering to him, among whom were Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of James and Joseph and the mother of the sons of Zebedee. (Matthew 27:55-56 ESV)

How was Jesus buried?

When it was evening, a rich man from Arimathea named Joseph came, who himself had also become a disciple of Jesus. He approached Pilate and asked for Jesus’ body. Then Pilate ordered that it be released. So Joseph took the body, wrapped it in clean, fine linen, and placed it in his new tomb, which he had cut into the rock. He left after rolling a great stone against the entrance of the tomb. Mary Magdalene and the other Mary were seated there, facing the tomb. (Matthew 27:57-61 HCSB)

Were the religious leaders afraid of the resurrection?

Now the next day, that followed the day of the preparation, the chief priests and Pharisees came together unto Pilate, Saying, Sir, we remember that that deceiver said, while he was yet alive, After three days I will rise again. Command therefore that the sepulchre be made sure until the third day, lest his disciples come by night, and steal him away, and say unto the people, He is risen from the dead: so the last error shall be worse than the first. (Matthew 27:62-64 KJV)

What did Pilate say?

Pilate said to them, “You have a guard; go, make it as secure as you know how.” And they went and made the tomb secure with the guard, sealing the stone. (Matthew 27:65-66 NASB)

Do we now live new lives?

Or have you forgotten that when we were joined with Christ Jesus in baptism, we joined him in his death? For we died and were buried with Christ by baptism. And just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glorious power of the Father, now we also may live new lives (Romans 6:3-4 NLT).

Do we now have a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead (1 Peter 1:3)? You decide!

Jesus' Suffering (Matthew 27a)

How much did Jesus suffer even before His crucifixion? Let’s glimpse His suffering in Matthew 27:1-33.

Who was Jesus taken to next?

Early in the morning, all the chief priests and the elders of the people made their plans how to have Jesus executed. So they bound him, led him away and handed him over to Pilate the governor. (Matthew 27:1-2 NIV)

What did Judas do?

When Judas, who had betrayed him, realized that Jesus had been condemned to die, he was filled with remorse. So he took the thirty pieces of silver back to the leading priests and the elders. “I have sinned,” he declared, “for I have betrayed an innocent man.” “What do we care?” they retorted. “That’s your problem.” Then Judas threw the silver coins down in the Temple and went out and hanged himself. (Matthew 27:3-5 NLT)

What did the priests do?

The chief priests took the pieces of silver and said, “It’s not lawful to put them into the treasury, since it is the price of blood.” They took counsel, and bought the potter’s field with them to bury strangers in. Therefore that field has been called “The Field of Blood” to this day. (Matthew 27:6-8 WEB)

What prophecy did this fulfill?

This fulfilled the words of Jeremiah the prophet: And I took the thirty pieces of silver, the price for the one whose price had been set by some of the Israelites, and I gave them for the potter’s field, as the Lord commanded me. (Matthew 27:9-10 CEB)

Did Jesus respond to the false charges?

Jesus was brought before Pilate the governor, who asked him, “Are you the king of the Jews?” “Those are your words!” Jesus answered. And when the chief priests and leaders brought their charges against him, he did not say a thing. Pilate asked him, “Don't you hear what crimes they say you have done?” But Jesus did not say anything, and the governor was greatly amazed. (Matthew 27:11-14 CEV)

Did Pilate give the people a choice to release Jesus?

Now at the feast the governor was accustomed to release for the crowd any one prisoner whom they wanted. And they had then a notorious prisoner called Barabbas. So when they had gathered, Pilate said to them, “Whom do you want me to release for you: Barabbas, or Jesus who is called Christ?” For he knew that it was out of envy that they had delivered him up. (Matthew 27:15-18 ESV)

Who did they choose?

While he was sitting on the judge’s bench, his wife sent word to him, “Have nothing to do with that righteous man, for today I’ve suffered terribly in a dream because of Him!” The chief priests and the elders, however, persuaded the crowds to ask for Barabbas and to execute Jesus. The governor asked them, “Which of the two do you want me to release for you?” “Barabbas!” they answered. Pilate asked them, “What should I do then with Jesus, who is called Messiah?” They all answered, “Crucify Him!” Then he said, “Why? What has He done wrong?” But they kept shouting, “Crucify Him!” all the more. (Matthew 27:19-23 HCSB)

What did Pilate do?

When Pilate saw that he could prevail nothing, but that rather a tumult was made, he took water, and washed his hands before the multitude, saying, I am innocent of the blood of this just person: see ye to it. Then answered all the people, and said, His blood be on us, and on our children. Then released he Barabbas unto them: and when he had scourged Jesus, he delivered him to be crucified. (Matthew 27:24-26 KJV)

What did the soldiers do?

Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into the Praetorium and gathered the whole Roman cohort to Him. And they stripped Him and put a red cloak on Him. And after twisting together a crown of thorns, they put it on His head, and put a reed in His right hand; and they knelt down before Him and mocked Him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” And they spit on Him, and took the reed and beat Him on the head. And after they had mocked Him, they took the cloak off Him and put His own garments back on Him, and led Him away to crucify Him. (Matthew 27:27-31 NASB)

What did they demand that Simon do?

As they were going out, they met a man from Cyrene, named Simon, and they forced him to carry the cross. They came to a place called Golgotha (which means “the place of the skull”). (Matthew 27:32-33 NIV)

An innocent man suffered because of His love for the world. But He wasn’t just a man. He was God in the flesh. What pampered king of this world would willingly suffer for his people? What kind of God was willing to suffer for all humanity? You decide!

Christ our Passover (Matthew 26)

In most languages, Easter is still called Passover. What does the season commemorate for Christians? Let’s find out in Matthew 26.

When Jesus had finished all these words, he said to his disciples, “You know that after two days the Passover is coming, and the Son of Man will be delivered up to be crucified.” (Matthew 26:1-2 WEB)

What were the chief priests and elders plotting?

Then the chief priests and elders of the people gathered in the courtyard of Caiaphas the high priest. They were plotting to arrest Jesus by cunning tricks and to kill him. But they agreed that it shouldn’t happen during the feast so there wouldn’t be an uproar among the people. (Matthew 26:3-5 CEB)

Perfume

What did a woman do with expensive perfume? What was the disciples’ criticism?

Jesus was in the town of Bethany, eating at the home of Simon, who had leprosy. A woman came in with a bottle of expensive perfume and poured it on Jesus' head. But when his disciples saw this, they became angry and complained, “Why such a waste? We could have sold this perfume for a lot of money and given it to the poor.” (Matthew 26:6-9 CEV)

Are some things more important than giving to the poor?

But Jesus, aware of this, said to them, “Why do you trouble the woman? For she has done a beautiful thing to me. For you always have the poor with you, but you will not always have me. In pouring this ointment on my body, she has done it to prepare me for burial. Truly, I say to you, wherever this gospel is proclaimed in the whole world, what she has done will also be told in memory of her.” (Matthew 26:10-13 ESV)

Judas

How could Judas betray Jesus? Are we also capable of betrayal?

Then one of the Twelve—the man called Judas Iscariot—went to the chief priests and said, “What are you willing to give me if I hand Him over to you?” So they weighed out 30 pieces of silver for him. And from that time he started looking for a good opportunity to betray Him. (Matthew 26:14-16 HCSB)

Passover evening begins 7 days when only unleavened bread is eaten. Was this a special Passover?

Now the first day of the feast of unleavened bread the disciples came to Jesus, saying unto him, Where wilt thou that we prepare for thee to eat the passover? And he said, Go into the city to such a man, and say unto him, The Master saith, My time is at hand; I will keep the passover at thy house with my disciples. And the disciples did as Jesus had appointed them; and they made ready the passover. (Matthew 26:17-19 KJV)

Did Jesus predict that one would betray Him?

Now when evening came, Jesus was reclining at the table with the twelve. And as they were eating, He said, “Truly I say to you that one of you will betray Me.” Being deeply grieved, they began saying to Him, each one: “Surely it is not I, Lord?” And He answered, “He who dipped his hand with Me in the bowl is the one who will betray Me. (Matthew 26:20-23 NASB)

What did Jesus say to Judas?

The Son of Man will go just as it is written about him. But woe to that man who betrays the Son of Man! It would be better for him if he had not been born. Then Judas, the one who would betray him, said, “Surely you don’t mean me, Rabbi?” Jesus answered, “You have said so.” (Matthew 26:24-25 NIV)

Bread & Wine

How did Jesus explain the elements of communion? The word “is” is not explained. Are the elements, as Catholics claim, literally transubstantiated? Are they merely symbolic? Are they a sacrament, whereby a divine blessing is imparted through material things? Is it, as Eastern Orthodox Christians humbly describe, a mystery? You decide!

As they were eating, Jesus took some bread and blessed it. Then he broke it in pieces and gave it to the disciples, saying, “Take this and eat it, for this is my body.” And he took a cup of wine and gave thanks to God for it. He gave it to them and said, “Each of you drink from it, for this is my blood, which confirms the covenant between God and his people. It is poured out as a sacrifice to forgive the sins of many. (Matthew 26:26-28 NLT)

Will Jesus drink wine in the kingdom? This was six months after the grape harvest, and the only way of preserving grape juice, in an era without refrigeration and pasteurization, was to let it ferment.

But I tell you that I will not drink of this fruit of the vine from now on, until that day when I drink it anew with you in my Father’s Kingdom. (Matthew 26:29 WEB)

Did Jesus ever sing?

Then, after singing songs of praise, they went to the Mount of Olives. (Matthew 26:30 CEB)

What did Jesus say about His disciples?

Jesus said to his disciples, “During this very night, all of you will reject me, as the Scriptures say, ‘I will strike down the shepherd, and the sheep will be scattered.’ But after I am raised to life, I will go ahead of you to Galilee.” (Matthew 26:31-32 CEV)

What did Peter and all the disciples say?

Peter answered him, “Though they all fall away because of you, I will never fall away.” Jesus said to him, “Truly, I tell you, this very night, before the rooster crows, you will deny me three times.” Peter said to him, “Even if I must die with you, I will not deny you!” And all the disciples said the same. (Matthew 26:33-35 ESV)

Not My Will

What did Jesus pray?

Then Jesus came with them to a place called Gethsemane, and He told the disciples, “Sit here while I go over there and pray.” Taking along Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, He began to be sorrowful and deeply distressed. Then He said to them, “My soul is swallowed up in sorrow —to the point of death. Remain here and stay awake with Me.” Going a little farther, He fell facedown and prayed, “My Father! If it is possible, let this cup pass from Me. Yet not as I will, but as You will.” (Matthew 26:36-39 HCSB)

Did Jesus pray in a similar manner again?

And he cometh unto the disciples, and findeth them asleep, and saith unto Peter, What, could ye not watch with me one hour? Watch and pray, that ye enter not into temptation: the spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak. He went away again the second time, and prayed, saying, O my Father, if this cup may not pass away from me, except I drink it, thy will be done. (Matthew 26:40-42 KJV)

Did He pray the same thing a third time?

Again He came and found them sleeping, for their eyes were heavy. And He left them again, and went away and prayed a third time, saying the same thing once more. Then He *came to the disciples and *said to them, “Are you still sleeping and resting? Behold, the hour is at hand and the Son of Man is being betrayed into the hands of sinners. Get up, let’s go; behold, the one who is betraying Me is near!” (Matthew 26:43-46 NASB)

Betrayal

How did Jesus treat His betrayer?

While he was still speaking, Judas, one of the Twelve, arrived. With him was a large crowd armed with swords and clubs, sent from the chief priests and the elders of the people. Now the betrayer had arranged a signal with them: “The one I kiss is the man; arrest him.” Going at once to Jesus, Judas said, “Greetings, Rabbi!” and kissed him. Jesus replied, “Do what you came for, friend.” Then the men stepped forward, seized Jesus and arrested him. (Matthew 26:47-50 NIV)

What happened using a sword?

But one of the men with Jesus pulled out his sword and struck the high priest’s slave, slashing off his ear. “Put away your sword,” Jesus told him. “Those who use the sword will die by the sword. Don’t you realize that I could ask my Father for thousands of angels to protect us, and he would send them instantly? But if I did, how would the Scriptures be fulfilled that describe what must happen now?” (Matthew 26:51-54 NLT)

Abandoned

Did the disciples flee as Jesus predicted?

In that hour Jesus said to the multitudes, “Have you come out as against a robber with swords and clubs to seize me? I sat daily in the temple teaching, and you didn’t arrest me. But all this has happened that the Scriptures of the prophets might be fulfilled.” Then all the disciples left him and fled. (Matthew 26:55-56 WEB)

Caiaphas

To whom was Jesus first led? Did Peter follow?

Those who arrested Jesus led him to Caiaphas the high priest. The legal experts and the elders had gathered there. Peter followed him from a distance until he came to the high priest’s courtyard. He entered that area and sat outside with the officers to see how it would turn out. (Matthew 26:57-58 CEB)

Was it an honest hearing?

The chief priests and the whole council wanted to put Jesus to death. So they tried to find some people who would tell lies about him in court. But they could not find any, even though many did come and tell lies. At last, two men came forward and said, “This man claimed he could tear down God's temple and build it again in three days.” (Matthew 26:59-61 CEV)

What did Jesus tell the high priest?

And the high priest stood up and said, “Have you no answer to make? What is it that these men testify against you?” But Jesus remained silent. And the high priest said to him, “I adjure you by the living God, tell us if you are the Christ, the Son of God.” Jesus said to him, “You have said so. But I tell you, from now on you will see the Son of Man seated at the right hand of Power and coming on the clouds of heaven.” (Matthew 26:62-64 ESV)

What was the high priest’s reaction?

Then the high priest tore his robes and said, “He has blasphemed! Why do we still need witnesses? Look, now you’ve heard the blasphemy! What is your decision?” They answered, “He deserves death!” Then they spit in His face and beat Him; others slapped Him and said, “Prophesy to us, Messiah! Who hit You?” (Matthew 26:65-68 HCSB)

Peter

Did Peter deny Christ three times?

Now Peter sat without in the palace: and a damsel came unto him, saying, Thou also wast with Jesus of Galilee. But he denied before them all, saying, I know not what thou sayest. And when he was gone out into the porch, another maid saw him, and said unto them that were there, This fellow was also with Jesus of Nazareth. And again he denied with an oath, I do not know the man. And after a while came unto him they that stood by, and said to Peter, Surely thou also art one of them; for thy speech bewrayeth thee. Then began he to curse and to swear, saying, I know not the man. And immediately the cock crew. (Matthew 26:69-74 KJV)

Did Peter remember Jesus’ words?

And Peter remembered the statement that Jesus had made: “Before a rooster crows, you will deny Me three times.” And he went out and wept bitterly. (Matthew 26:75 NASB)

That Passover season Jesus was betrayed and abandoned. Will we too deny Him? You decide!

Parables of Judgment (Matthew 25)

In light of the Olivet prophecy, the three parables of virgins, talents, and sheep and goats are very relevant. Let’s examine these important lessons in Matthew 25.

Bridesmaids

Were the ten virgins bridesmaids?

Then the kingdom of heaven will be comparable to ten virgins, who took their lamps and went out to meet the groom. (Matthew 25:1 NASB)

One ancient custom was for a groom to build a home for his bride, either self-standing or as an addition to his parents’ home. When finished, perhaps after a year, a groom might have a parade through the streets at night to the home of the bride’s parents and eventually take her to his new home. Ten bridesmaids were readying to join the groom’s parade. Did some of them have a character flaw?

Five of them were foolish and five were wise. (Matthew 25:2 NIV)

What problem did the foolishly unprepared face? Is this one of the warnings that Jesus gave in His Olivet prophecy?

The five who were foolish didn’t take enough olive oil for their lamps, but the other five were wise enough to take along extra oil. When the bridegroom was delayed, they all became drowsy and fell asleep. (Matthew 25:3-5 NLT)

What dilemma did the foolish and unprepared virgins face?

But at midnight there was a cry, ‘Behold! The bridegroom is coming! Come out to meet him!’ Then all those virgins arose, and trimmed their lamps. The foolish said to the wise, ‘Give us some of your oil, for our lamps are going out.’ But the wise answered, saying, ‘What if there isn’t enough for us and you? You go rather to those who sell, and buy for yourselves.’ (Matthew 25:6-9 WEB)

What happened when they ran out of time? Why the twist to the story, that the groom did not acknowledge them? Was it because they missed the parade?

But while they were gone to buy oil, the groom came. Those who were ready went with him into the wedding. Then the door was shut. Later the other bridesmaids came and said, ‘Lord, lord, open the door for us.’ But he replied, ‘I tell you the truth, I don’t know you.’ (Matthew 25:10-12 CEB)

Is the basic message the same warning as in the Olivet prophecy?

So, my disciples, always be ready! You don't know the day or the time when all this will happen. (Matthew 25:13 CEV)

So, what’s the lesson for us? Are we ready for Christ? Are we living lives of faithfulness or become lazy and worldly? You decide!

Talents

Next is the parable of the talents. Has God also entrusted us with various responsibilities according to our abilities?

For it will be like a man going on a journey, who called his servants and entrusted to them his property. To one he gave five talents, to another two, to another one, to each according to his ability. Then he went away. (Matthew 25:14-15 ESV)

What did each do with the master’s investment?

Immediately the man who had received five talents went, put them to work, and earned five more. In the same way the man with two earned two more. But the man who had received one talent went off, dug a hole in the ground, and hid his master’s money. (Matthew 25:15b-18 HCSB)

What happened with the Lord’s investment in the first man?

After a long time the lord of those servants cometh, and reckoneth with them. And so he that had received five talents came and brought other five talents, saying, Lord, thou deliveredst unto me five talents: behold, I have gained beside them five talents more. His lord said unto him, Well done, thou good and faithful servant: thou hast been faithful over a few things, I will make thee ruler over many things: enter thou into the joy of thy lord. (Matthew 25:19-21 KJV)

What about the second man?

Also the one who had received the two talents came up and said, ‘Master, you entrusted two talents to me. See, I have earned two more talents.’ His master said to him, ‘Well done, good and faithful slave. You were faithful with a few things, I will put you in charge of many things; enter the joy of your master.’ (Matthew 25:22-23 NASB)

What excuse did the man who did nothing make?

Then the man who had received one bag of gold came. ‘Master,’ he said, ‘I knew that you are a hard man, harvesting where you have not sown and gathering where you have not scattered seed. So I was afraid and went out and hid your gold in the ground. See, here is what belongs to you.’ (Matthew 25:24-25 NIV)

What was the master’s reaction?

But the master replied, ‘You wicked and lazy servant! If you knew I harvested crops I didn’t plant and gathered crops I didn’t cultivate, why didn’t you deposit my money in the bank? At least I could have gotten some interest on it.’ (Matthew 25:26-27 NLT)

What was the master’s decision? Why give to the one who does not need more? The spiritual talents that God gives are to bless others not hoard for self. Hence, could it be that God gave more to the man who actually proved that he was willing to share the most?

Take away therefore the talent from him and give it to him who has the ten talents. For to everyone who has will be given, and he will have abundance, but from him who doesn’t have, even that which he has will be taken away. Throw out the unprofitable servant into the outer darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.’ (Matthew 25:28-30 WEB)

In God’s economy, are people blessed because they give? Are Christians not to be deceived that wealth is for selfish purposes? A talent is spiritual gold and those who increase the spiritual gold that God has given will be rewarded. Are we generous or like exclusive sects that do not share the news of what God can give? You decide!

Sheep & Goats

What will judgment day look like?

When the Son of Man comes in his glory with all his angels, he will sit on his royal throne. The people of all nations will be brought before him, and he will separate them, as shepherds separate their sheep from their goats. He will place the sheep on his right and the goats on his left. (Matthew 25:31-33 CEV)

What will Jesus say to the sheep on His right?

Then the King will say to those on his right, ‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world. For I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me drink, I was a stranger and you welcomed me, I was naked and you clothed me, I was sick and you visited me, I was in prison and you came to me.’ (Matthew 25:34-36 ESV)

What will they ask Him?

Then the righteous will answer Him, ‘Lord, when did we see You hungry and feed You, or thirsty and give You something to drink? When did we see You a stranger and take You in, or without clothes and clothe You? When did we see You sick, or in prison, and visit You?’ And the King will answer them, ‘I assure you: Whatever you did for one of the least of these brothers of Mine, you did for Me.’ (Matthew 25:37-40 HCSB)

What will Jesus say to the goats on His left?

Then shall he say also unto them on the left hand, Depart from me, ye cursed, into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his angels: For I was an hungred, and ye gave me no meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me no drink: I was a stranger, and ye took me not in: naked, and ye clothed me not: sick, and in prison, and ye visited me not. (Matthew 25:41-43 KJV)

What will they ask Him?

Then they themselves also will answer, ‘Lord, when did we see You hungry, or thirsty, or as a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and did not take care of You?’ Then He will answer them, ‘Truly I say to you, to the extent that you did not do it for one of the least of these, you did not do it for Me, either.’ (Matthew 25:44-45 NASB)

What will be their eternity?

And they will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous will go into eternal life. (Matthew 25:46 NLT)

Are good works such as this a determining factor in our eternal destination? Does this challenge the idea of faith alone, that some of our fellow Protestants teach? What are we doing to help those in need? You decide!

Prophecy from the Mount of Olives (Matthew 24)

Let’s look at an often misunderstood prophecy in Matthew 24. Before studying it, let’s consider the four major views.

Preterism (or past fulfillment) believes that all such prophecies were fulfilled around 70 AD. Historicism (or present ongoing fulfillment) is a view that these events are fulfilled throughout the history of the church. Futurism (or future fulfillment) teaches that these prophecies will be fulfilled just before the return of Christ. And finally, there is a view that in many ways combines them all (past, present and future), called variously the spiritual, idealist or symbolic view.

How does this prophecy begin? Was it fulfilled in 70 AD with the Siege of Jerusalem or was that just a forerunner to later prophecies?

Now Jesus left the temple and was going away. His disciples came to point out to him the temple buildings. He responded, “Do you see all these things? I assure that no stone will be left on another. Everything will be demolished.” (Matthew 24:1-2 CEB)

What are the basic questions this prophecy answers? This is often called the Olivet Prophecy because Jesus was on the Mount of Olives.

Later, as Jesus was sitting on the Mount of Olives, his disciples came to him in private and asked, “When will this happen? What will be the sign of your coming and of the end of the world [age]?” (Matthew 24:3 CEV)

Don’t be Led Astray

From politics to religion have many claimed that they are the anointed one, the Christ, the Messiah?

And Jesus answered them, “See that no one leads you astray. For many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am the Christ,’ and they will lead many astray. (Matthew 24:4-5 ESV)

How vague or non-specific are these next comments? Is that deliberate?

You are going to hear of wars and rumors of wars. See that you are not alarmed, because these things must take place, but the end is not yet. For nation will rise up against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famines and earthquakes in various places. All these events are the beginning of birth pains. (Matthew 24:6-8 HCSB)

Is this just the beginning of troubles?

All these are the beginning of sorrows [birth pains]. Then shall they deliver you up to be afflicted, and shall kill you: and ye shall be hated of all nations for my name's sake. (Matthew 24:8-9 KJV)

Have these things long been happening?

And many false prophets will rise up and mislead many people. And because lawlessness is increased, most people’s love will become cold. (Matthew 24:11-12 NASB)

Stand Firm

When is salvation fully complete, as soon as one confesses Christ or after a life of endurance? Is eternal security, or the “once saved always saved” view, weak on this point?

but the one who stands firm to the end will be saved. (Matthew 24:13 NIV)

When will the end come? Are preterist and historicist views weak on this point?

And the Good News about the Kingdom will be preached throughout the whole world, so that all nations will hear it; and then the end will come. (Matthew 24:14 NLT)

Was this next prophecy fulfilled by Antiochus Epiphanes, who put idols in the holy place, or had many priests already defiled the temple with their hypocrisy and money making scams? Is there possibly a yet future symbolic fulfillment of this prophecy?

When, therefore, you see the abomination of desolation, which was spoken of through Daniel the prophet, standing in the holy place (let the reader understand), (Matthew 24:15 WEB cp. Daniel 9:27; 11:31; 12:11)

Is there a certain sense of urgency in this prophecy coming to pass? Would city gates be shut and Jews possibly persecute those who fled on a long journey on the Sabbath?

then those in Judea must escape to the mountains. Those on the roof shouldn’t come down to grab things from their houses. Those in the field shouldn’t come back to grab their clothes. How terrible it will be at that time for women who are pregnant and for women who are nursing their children. Pray that it doesn’t happen in winter or on the Sabbath day. (Matthew 24:16-20 CEB)

Have there been historic times of great tribulation? Are Christians in some nations like North Korea and Afghanistan suffering great tribulation today? When it says nobody would be saved could that indicate worldwide tribulation?

For then there will be great tribulation, such as has not been from the beginning of the world until now, no, and never will be. And if those days had not been cut short, no human being would be saved. But for the sake of the elect those days will be cut short. (Matthew 24:21-22 ESV)

Don’t Believe It

Is it judgmental to avoid false prophets and discern deceptive, false miracles?

If anyone tells you then, ‘Look, here is the Messiah!’ or, ‘Over here!’ do not believe it! False messiahs and false prophets will arise and perform great signs and wonders to lead astray, if possible, even the elect. Take note: I have told you in advance. So if they tell you, ‘Look, He’s in the wilderness!’ don’t go out; ‘Look, He’s in the inner rooms!’ do not believe it. (Matthew 24:23-26 HCSB)

Is Jesus’ return associated with these events? Are preterist and historicist views weak on this point? Will Christ’s return be as sudden, dazzling and unexpected as a flash of lightning?

For as the lightning cometh out of the east, and shineth even unto the west; so shall also the coming of the Son of man be. (Matthew 24:27 KJV)

What do these signs indicate?

Just as the gathering of vultures shows there is a carcass nearby, so these signs indicate that the end is near. (Matthew 24:28 NLT)

Has this next sign yet appeared?

But immediately after the tribulation of those days the sun will be darkened, and the moon will not give its light, and the stars will fall from the sky, and the powers of the heavens will be shaken. And then the sign of the Son of Man will appear in the sky, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of the sky with power and great glory. (Matthew 24:29-30 NASB)

What will then happen to true Christians, the elect, the chosen ones?

And he will send his angels with a loud trumpet call, and they will gather his elect from the four winds, from one end of the heavens to the other. (Matthew 24:31 NIV)

Should we be always ready because we don’t know the exact day of His return? Will these things occur within a generation?

Now learn a lesson from the fig tree. When its branches bud and its leaves begin to sprout, you know that summer is near. In the same way, when you see all these things, you can know his return is very near, right at the door. I tell you the truth, this generation will not pass from the scene until all these things take place. Heaven and earth will disappear, but my words will never disappear. (Matthew 24:32-35 NLT)

Is predicting the day or hour foolish?

But no one knows of that day and hour, not even the angels of heaven, but my Father only. (Matthew 24:36 WEB)

Will the days before Christ’s return seem normal?

When the Son of Man appears, things will be just as they were when Noah lived. People were eating, drinking, and getting married right up to the day the flood came and Noah went into the big boat. They didn't know anything was happening until the flood came and swept them all away. This is how it will be when the Son of Man appears. (Matthew 24:37-39 CEV)

Stay Alert

Is this more like Noah’s flood taking people away than some rapture theory which says the opposite? Can we predict the day?

At that time there will be two men in the field. One will be taken and the other left. Two women will be grinding at the mill. One will be taken and the other left. Therefore, stay alert! You don’t know what day the Lord is coming. (Matthew 24:40-42 CEB)

Stay Awake

Is this more of a warning to stay awake and be ready than engage in some kind of prediction addiction?

Therefore, stay awake, for you do not know on what day your Lord is coming. But know this, that if the master of the house had known in what part of the night the thief was coming, he would have stayed awake and would not have let his house be broken into. Therefore you also must be ready, for the Son of Man is coming at an hour you do not expect. (Matthew 24:42-44 ESV)

Be Found Working

Is the overall lesson of this Olivet prophecy that we be found doing God’s work? Is there a reward for faithful workers?

Who then is a faithful and sensible slave, whom his master has put in charge of his household, to give them food at the proper time? That slave whose master finds him working when he comes will be rewarded. I assure you: He will put him in charge of all his possessions. (Matthew 24:45-47 HCSB)

Is a symbolic view, which incorporates aspects of preterist, historicist and futurist views, perhaps the most balanced? What of lazy Christians who lose a sense of urgency?

But and if that evil servant shall say in his heart, My lord delayeth his coming; And shall begin to smite his fellowservants, and to eat and drink with the drunken; The lord of that servant shall come in a day when he looketh not for him, and in an hour that he is not aware of, And shall cut him asunder, and appoint him his portion with the hypocrites: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. (Matthew 24:48-51 KJV)

Is this prophecy deliberately general enough that it cannot be used to predict dates? Does it warn us not to be led astray, stand firm, stay alert, stay awake and be always ready, diligently doing God’s work on earth? Are we? You decide!