Let’s look at some common names for communion. First of all, is the word communion even used for the ceremony of the bread and cup? That depends on the translation of the Bible.
“The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion of [participation, sharing in] the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion of [participation, sharing in] the body of Christ?” (1 Corinthians 10:16 KJV)
What does that mean? The Greek word for communion is something you may have heard of, “koinónia.” A lexicon suggests that in this context it specifically refers to “the share which one has in anything, participation.” It also has a broader meaning in the intimacy of Christian fellowship and our contribution to the whole. So, the meaning of communion goes way deeper than just the physical elements alone, but reminds us of our participation in Christ and the whole body of believers on earth and in heaven.
In some passages the bread is mentioned first and in others the cup. This seems to be deliberately inspired perhaps so that we don't create a legalistic fetish as to which we partake of first.
Is communion referred to as the Lord’s Supper anywhere in the Bible? Paul was admonishing the Corinthians for abusing communion.
“When you meet together, you don't really celebrate the Lord's Supper.” (1 Corinthians 11:20 CEV)
Some Corinthians were not waiting for others to participate in communion and others were overindulging in the wine by getting drunk. Paul reminded them not to partake of communion in an unworthy manner, but to examine themselves. For this reason, many Christians take a moment to examine their lives and attitudes before partaking of Holy Communion.
And where does the word Eucharist come from? Is that even in the Bible? Yes, it is. It comes from the Greek word for thankful, “eucharisteó.” Celebrating a harvest festival of thanksgiving goes back millennia, but giving thanks for the communion elements is why it is sometimes called the Great Thanksgiving.
“And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks [eucharisteó] he said, ‘Take this, and divide it among yourselves. For I tell you that from now on I will not drink of the fruit of the vine until the kingdom of God comes.’ And he took bread, and when he had given thanks [eucharisteó], he broke it and gave it to them, saying, ‘This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.’ ” (Luke 22:17-19 ESV)
Eucharist or the Eucharistic Celebration are perfectly good names for communion. Communion is also sometimes called the Last Supper, though technically, communion was instituted after Jesus’ last supper.
“In the same way He also took the cup after supper …” (1 Corinthians 11:25 NASB)
Another term for communion is the Sacrament, Holy Sacrament or Blessed Sacrament. For some Protestants, sacrament is a difficult word, because it sounds so Catholic. But, we must remember the origin of the word. When Jesus said, this “is” my body and “is” my blood, eastern Christians were not presumptuous by either calling it a mere symbol or on the other extreme a transubstantiation, but humbly called it a mystery.
Western Christians found difficulty translating the word mystery into its Latin equivalent as their word for mystery popularly referred to a soldier’s packed lunch. So, they chose the equivalent of our English word sacrament, originally meaning a sacred blessing or divine grace. Some have expanded upon that idea by calling all of life a sacrament, a reasonable sentiment. Over time, Christians narrowed the meaning to seven or two sacraments, and that’s been a bone of contention between Protestants and Catholics ever since. If we forget the wheels within wheels of rhetoric overcomplicating a word, and stick with simplicity, we do not have a problem. Some Protestants prefer the word ordinance to sacrament, but if we understand the simple original meanings, rather than later history’s overly complicated meanings, both are acceptable.
Mass is a strange word to Protestant ears, but if we understand the real meaning, it’s not so outlandish. In the early church, communion was held at the end or dismissal of a church service, so that the baptized believers could partake, while those not yet ready for a Christian commitment were dismissed. Yes, it’s really that simple. Mass comes from the ancient timing of communion, at dismissal. So calling it Holy Mass is not really just a Catholic quirk. It has real Christian history behind it.
The Breaking of the Bread is an obvious term which is quite acceptable. The Memorial of the passion, death and Resurrection of the Lord, is another acceptable description. Other acceptable terms are the Holy Sacrifice, the Holy and Divine Liturgy, the Sacred Mysteries, and even the Most Holy Sacrament of the Altar. Another strictly biblical term is the Lord’s Table.
“Ye cannot drink the cup of the Lord, and the cup of devils: ye cannot be partakers of the Lord's table, and of the table of devils.” (1 Corinthians 10:21 KJV)
A related term often confused with communion is the Love Feast. The Love Feast is technically a fellowship meal, sometimes even reenacting the Last Supper, during which communion is shared. Jude warns of ungodly people who share love feasts with believers.
“These people are blemishes at your love feasts, eating with you without the slightest qualm—shepherds who feed only themselves. They are clouds without rain, blown along by the wind; autumn trees, without fruit and uprooted—twice dead.” (Jude 1:12 NIV)
Communion bread is also referred to as the bread of angels and bread from heaven, technically meaning the manna which foreshadowed communion and the Bread of Life, Jesus.
“Man ate the bread of angels. He sent them food to the full.” (Psalm 78:25 WEB)
“You gave them bread from heaven for their hunger, And brought them water out of the rock for their thirst, And told them to go in to possess the land Which You had sworn to give them.” (Nehemiah 9:15 NKJV)
Whatever we call communion, let’s avoid Pharisaic arguments over words, understand God’s grace and the simple meanings behind a range of descriptions. What are your preferred terms? You decide!
Bible E-Course 12e - Warnings in Hebrews
Hebrews gives a number of warnings. If God’s grace is irresistible, why bother with a warning?
“So if we refuse this great way of being saved, how can we hope to escape? …” (Hebrews 2:3 CEV)
Can Christians harden their hearts?
“do not harden your hearts as in the rebellion, on the day of testing in the wilderness” (Hebrews 3:8 ESV, cf. 3:15; 4:7)
Some believe that a true Christian cannot fall away. What does the Bible say?
“Watch out, brothers, so that there won’t be in any of you an evil, unbelieving heart that departs from the living God. But encourage each other daily, while it is still called today, so that none of you is hardened by sin’s deception.” (Hebrews 3:12–13 HCSB)
Is the Bible a guide to the thoughts and intentions of our own hearts, bypassing even our own self-deception?
“because God’s word is living, active, and sharper than any two-edged sword. It penetrates to the point that it separates the soul from the spirit and the joints from the marrow. It’s able to judge the heart’s thoughts and intentions. No creature is hidden from it, but rather everything is naked and exposed to the eyes of the one to whom we have to give an answer.” (Hebrews 4:12-13 CEB)
Is it possible to taste the heavenly gift and still fall away?
“For it is impossible, in the case of those who have once been enlightened, who have tasted the heavenly gift, and have shared in the Holy Spirit, and have tasted the goodness of the word of God and the powers of the age to come, and then have fallen away, to restore them again to repentance, since they are crucifying once again the Son of God to their own harm and holding him up to contempt.” (Hebrews 6:4-6 ESV)
Is spiritual laziness a problem?
“... do not become sluggish, but imitate those who through faith and patience inherit the promises” (Hebrews 6:12 NKJV)
Is it possible to deliberately sin after knowing the truth?
“For if we deliberately sin after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins, but a terrifying expectation of judgment and the fury of a fire about to consume the adversaries.” (Hebrews 10:26-27 HCSB)
What about those who treat Jesus’ blood flippantly, as an unholy thing?
“He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under two or three witnesses: Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace?” (Hebrews 10:28-29 KJV)
Should Christians fear God?
“For we know Him who said, ‘Vengeance is Mine, I will repay.’ And again, ‘The Lord will judge His people.’ It is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of the living God.” (Hebrews 10:30-31 NASB)
Can we have confidence in God?
“So don’t throw away your confidence—it brings a great reward.” (Hebrews 10:35 CEB)
Does Christianity involve lifelong commitment to live by faith? What about those who shrink back into the ways of the world?
“And my righteous ones will live by faith. But I will take no pleasure in anyone who turns away.” (Hebrews 10:38 NLT)
Should we see God’s chastening as a loving act?
“And ye have forgotten the exhortation which speaketh unto you as unto children, My son, despise not thou the chastening of the Lord, nor faint when thou art rebuked of him” (Hebrews 12:5 KJV)
Can we fail to obtain God’s grace? Can bitterness bring us down? Can we sell our heavenly birthright cheaply?
“See to it that no one fails to obtain the grace of God; that no ‘root of bitterness’ springs up and causes trouble, and by it many become defiled; that no one is sexually immoral or unholy like Esau, who sold his birthright for a single meal. For you know that afterward, when he desired to inherit the blessing, he was rejected, for he found no chance to repent, though he sought it with tears.” (Hebrews 12:15–17 ESV)
Can we refuse God’s instructions?
“See to it that you do not refuse Him who is speaking. For if those did not escape when they refused him who warned them on earth, much less will we escape who turn away from Him who warns us from heaven.” (Hebrews 12:25 NASB)
What is one thing that too many forget about God?
“For our God is a consuming fire.” (Hebrews 12:29 KJV)
Are there angels among us? Are we hospitable to strangers?
“Do not forget to show hospitality to strangers, for by so doing some people have shown hospitality to angels without knowing it.” (Hebrews 13:2 NIV)
Fads and unbiblical traditions of men fill the Christian community. What should we beware of when something sounds new or is not specifically taught in the Bible?
“Don’t be carried away by various and strange teachings, for it is good that the heart be established by grace, not by food, through which those who were so occupied were not benefited.” (Hebrews 13:9 WEB)
What should we never forget?
“And don’t forget to do good and to share with those in need. These are the sacrifices that please God.” (Hebrews 13:16 NLT)
Let’s heed these warnings not to harden our hearts, fall away, become sluggish, deliberately sin, discount Jesus’ blood, turn away, despise God’s chastening, sell our heavenly birthright as cheap, or get carried away by strange teachings. May we always remember to do good and live by faith! You decide!
“So if we refuse this great way of being saved, how can we hope to escape? …” (Hebrews 2:3 CEV)
Can Christians harden their hearts?
“do not harden your hearts as in the rebellion, on the day of testing in the wilderness” (Hebrews 3:8 ESV, cf. 3:15; 4:7)
Some believe that a true Christian cannot fall away. What does the Bible say?
“Watch out, brothers, so that there won’t be in any of you an evil, unbelieving heart that departs from the living God. But encourage each other daily, while it is still called today, so that none of you is hardened by sin’s deception.” (Hebrews 3:12–13 HCSB)
Is the Bible a guide to the thoughts and intentions of our own hearts, bypassing even our own self-deception?
“because God’s word is living, active, and sharper than any two-edged sword. It penetrates to the point that it separates the soul from the spirit and the joints from the marrow. It’s able to judge the heart’s thoughts and intentions. No creature is hidden from it, but rather everything is naked and exposed to the eyes of the one to whom we have to give an answer.” (Hebrews 4:12-13 CEB)
Is it possible to taste the heavenly gift and still fall away?
“For it is impossible, in the case of those who have once been enlightened, who have tasted the heavenly gift, and have shared in the Holy Spirit, and have tasted the goodness of the word of God and the powers of the age to come, and then have fallen away, to restore them again to repentance, since they are crucifying once again the Son of God to their own harm and holding him up to contempt.” (Hebrews 6:4-6 ESV)
Is spiritual laziness a problem?
“... do not become sluggish, but imitate those who through faith and patience inherit the promises” (Hebrews 6:12 NKJV)
Is it possible to deliberately sin after knowing the truth?
“For if we deliberately sin after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins, but a terrifying expectation of judgment and the fury of a fire about to consume the adversaries.” (Hebrews 10:26-27 HCSB)
What about those who treat Jesus’ blood flippantly, as an unholy thing?
“He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under two or three witnesses: Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace?” (Hebrews 10:28-29 KJV)
Should Christians fear God?
“For we know Him who said, ‘Vengeance is Mine, I will repay.’ And again, ‘The Lord will judge His people.’ It is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of the living God.” (Hebrews 10:30-31 NASB)
Can we have confidence in God?
“So don’t throw away your confidence—it brings a great reward.” (Hebrews 10:35 CEB)
Does Christianity involve lifelong commitment to live by faith? What about those who shrink back into the ways of the world?
“And my righteous ones will live by faith. But I will take no pleasure in anyone who turns away.” (Hebrews 10:38 NLT)
Should we see God’s chastening as a loving act?
“And ye have forgotten the exhortation which speaketh unto you as unto children, My son, despise not thou the chastening of the Lord, nor faint when thou art rebuked of him” (Hebrews 12:5 KJV)
Can we fail to obtain God’s grace? Can bitterness bring us down? Can we sell our heavenly birthright cheaply?
“See to it that no one fails to obtain the grace of God; that no ‘root of bitterness’ springs up and causes trouble, and by it many become defiled; that no one is sexually immoral or unholy like Esau, who sold his birthright for a single meal. For you know that afterward, when he desired to inherit the blessing, he was rejected, for he found no chance to repent, though he sought it with tears.” (Hebrews 12:15–17 ESV)
Can we refuse God’s instructions?
“See to it that you do not refuse Him who is speaking. For if those did not escape when they refused him who warned them on earth, much less will we escape who turn away from Him who warns us from heaven.” (Hebrews 12:25 NASB)
What is one thing that too many forget about God?
“For our God is a consuming fire.” (Hebrews 12:29 KJV)
Are there angels among us? Are we hospitable to strangers?
“Do not forget to show hospitality to strangers, for by so doing some people have shown hospitality to angels without knowing it.” (Hebrews 13:2 NIV)
Fads and unbiblical traditions of men fill the Christian community. What should we beware of when something sounds new or is not specifically taught in the Bible?
“Don’t be carried away by various and strange teachings, for it is good that the heart be established by grace, not by food, through which those who were so occupied were not benefited.” (Hebrews 13:9 WEB)
What should we never forget?
“And don’t forget to do good and to share with those in need. These are the sacrifices that please God.” (Hebrews 13:16 NLT)
Let’s heed these warnings not to harden our hearts, fall away, become sluggish, deliberately sin, discount Jesus’ blood, turn away, despise God’s chastening, sell our heavenly birthright as cheap, or get carried away by strange teachings. May we always remember to do good and live by faith! You decide!
Bible E-Course 12d - God's Promises
Eternal Life
A highlight of the book of Hebrews are promises found throughout the Bible. What’s the most important?
“And this is what he promised us—eternal life.” (1 John 2:25 NIV)
Are there conditions?
“A man who endures trials is blessed, because when he passes the test he will receive the crown of life that God has promised to those who love Him.” (James 1:12 HCSB)
Endurance to do what?
“For you have need of endurance, so that when you have done the will of God, you may receive what was promised.” (Hebrews 10:36)
What is that promise?
“From Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by God’s will, to promote the promise of life that is in Christ Jesus.” (2 Timothy 1:1 CEB)
What does it mean that these all died not having received the promises? Were they glad to wait and receive those promises after their deaths?
“These all died in faith, not having received the things promised, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having acknowledged that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.” (Hebrews 11:13 ESV)
Is God therefore slow delivering on His promises, or is there a greater plan involving others besides ourselves?
“The Lord is not slow concerning his promise, as some count slowness; but he is patient with us, not wishing that anyone should perish, but that all should come to repentance.” (2 Peter 3:9 WEB)
The good eternity is a Sabbath rest and a promised land of rest. Can people miss it?
“Therefore, while the promise to enter His rest remains, let us fear that none of you should miss it.” (Hebrews 4:1 HCSB)
We cannot humanly guarantee our promises. Is God perfectly able to fulfill His promises?
“... God also bound himself with an oath, so that those who received the promise could be perfectly sure that he would never change his mind.” (Hebrews 6:12-17 NLT)
Are the promises made under the new covenant better?
“But now, Jesus has received a superior priestly service just as he arranged a better covenant that is enacted with better promises.” (Hebrews 8:6 CEB)
What were those better promises?
“Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant.” (Hebrews 9:15 ESV)
Can God’s promises be trusted?
“Let us hold tightly without wavering to the hope we affirm, for God can be trusted to keep his promise.” (Hebrews 10:23 NLT)
Were the promises to the patriarchs made with us in mind?
“And all these, having gained approval through their faith, did not receive what was promised, because God had provided something better for us, so that apart from us they would not be made perfect.” (Hebrews 11:39-40 NASB)
Details
Let’s look at some details of God’s promise. Is a life of self-sacrifice promised anything?
“And everyone who has left houses or brothers or sisters or father or mother or wife or children or fields for my sake will receive a hundred times as much and will inherit eternal life.” (Matthew 19:29 NIV)
What is the promise for either not doing right or doing right by the hungry, thirsty, foreigner, naked, sick and prisoners?
“And these will go away into everlasting punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.” (Matthew 25:46 NKJV)
What about faith?
“... everyone who believes in him will have eternal life.” (John 3:15 NLT)
What does communion remind us of?
“He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day.” (John 6:54 WEB)
What does Jesus promise those who listen to and follow Him?
“My sheep listen to my voice. I know them and they follow me. I give them eternal life. They will never die, and no one will snatch them from my hand.” (John 10:27-28 CEB)
What promise is there in giving up worldly ways?
“If you love your life, you will lose it. If you give it up in this world, you will be given eternal life.” (John 12:25 CEV)
Is eternal life a gift?
“For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.” (Romans 6:23 ESV)
Do we have a part to play?
“Fight the good fight for the faith; take hold of eternal life that you were called to and have made a good confession about in the presence of many witnesses.” (1 Timothy 6:12 HCSB)
Can hate prevent eternal life?
“Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer: and ye know that no murderer hath eternal life abiding in him.” (1 John 3:15 KJV)
Is eternal life even now?
“And the testimony is this, that God has given us eternal life, and this life is in His Son.” (1 John 5:11 NASB)
Everyday Promises
What about everyday promises? Do even the bad things in our lives work for a greater blessing?
“And we know that all things work together for good to those who love God, to those who are the called according to His purpose.” (Romans 8:28 NKJV)
What about legitimate desires, large and small?
“Take delight in the Lord, and he will give you the desires of your heart.” (Psalm 37:4 NIV)
God may not grant our every wish, and are there conditions?
“But if you remain in me and my words remain in you, you may ask for anything you want, and it will be granted!” (John 15:7 NLT)
Is it important to ask, seek and knock?
“Ask, and it will be given you. Seek, and you will find. Knock, and it will be opened for you.” (Matthew 7:7 WEB)
What about martyrs who died for their faith? Jesus had the perfect prayer for that kind of situation.
“My Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me; nevertheless, not as I will, but as you will.” (Matthew 26:39 ESV)
Eternal life is God’s most important promise. It is promised to those who believe, who endure, who do God’s will, who sacrifice, who take communion in faith, who love others, who take care of the needy, who listen to and follow Jesus. Will you? You decide!
A highlight of the book of Hebrews are promises found throughout the Bible. What’s the most important?
“And this is what he promised us—eternal life.” (1 John 2:25 NIV)
Are there conditions?
“A man who endures trials is blessed, because when he passes the test he will receive the crown of life that God has promised to those who love Him.” (James 1:12 HCSB)
Endurance to do what?
“For you have need of endurance, so that when you have done the will of God, you may receive what was promised.” (Hebrews 10:36)
What is that promise?
“From Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by God’s will, to promote the promise of life that is in Christ Jesus.” (2 Timothy 1:1 CEB)
What does it mean that these all died not having received the promises? Were they glad to wait and receive those promises after their deaths?
“These all died in faith, not having received the things promised, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having acknowledged that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.” (Hebrews 11:13 ESV)
Is God therefore slow delivering on His promises, or is there a greater plan involving others besides ourselves?
“The Lord is not slow concerning his promise, as some count slowness; but he is patient with us, not wishing that anyone should perish, but that all should come to repentance.” (2 Peter 3:9 WEB)
The good eternity is a Sabbath rest and a promised land of rest. Can people miss it?
“Therefore, while the promise to enter His rest remains, let us fear that none of you should miss it.” (Hebrews 4:1 HCSB)
We cannot humanly guarantee our promises. Is God perfectly able to fulfill His promises?
“... God also bound himself with an oath, so that those who received the promise could be perfectly sure that he would never change his mind.” (Hebrews 6:12-17 NLT)
Are the promises made under the new covenant better?
“But now, Jesus has received a superior priestly service just as he arranged a better covenant that is enacted with better promises.” (Hebrews 8:6 CEB)
What were those better promises?
“Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant.” (Hebrews 9:15 ESV)
Can God’s promises be trusted?
“Let us hold tightly without wavering to the hope we affirm, for God can be trusted to keep his promise.” (Hebrews 10:23 NLT)
Were the promises to the patriarchs made with us in mind?
“And all these, having gained approval through their faith, did not receive what was promised, because God had provided something better for us, so that apart from us they would not be made perfect.” (Hebrews 11:39-40 NASB)
Details
Let’s look at some details of God’s promise. Is a life of self-sacrifice promised anything?
“And everyone who has left houses or brothers or sisters or father or mother or wife or children or fields for my sake will receive a hundred times as much and will inherit eternal life.” (Matthew 19:29 NIV)
What is the promise for either not doing right or doing right by the hungry, thirsty, foreigner, naked, sick and prisoners?
“And these will go away into everlasting punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.” (Matthew 25:46 NKJV)
What about faith?
“... everyone who believes in him will have eternal life.” (John 3:15 NLT)
What does communion remind us of?
“He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day.” (John 6:54 WEB)
What does Jesus promise those who listen to and follow Him?
“My sheep listen to my voice. I know them and they follow me. I give them eternal life. They will never die, and no one will snatch them from my hand.” (John 10:27-28 CEB)
What promise is there in giving up worldly ways?
“If you love your life, you will lose it. If you give it up in this world, you will be given eternal life.” (John 12:25 CEV)
Is eternal life a gift?
“For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.” (Romans 6:23 ESV)
Do we have a part to play?
“Fight the good fight for the faith; take hold of eternal life that you were called to and have made a good confession about in the presence of many witnesses.” (1 Timothy 6:12 HCSB)
Can hate prevent eternal life?
“Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer: and ye know that no murderer hath eternal life abiding in him.” (1 John 3:15 KJV)
Is eternal life even now?
“And the testimony is this, that God has given us eternal life, and this life is in His Son.” (1 John 5:11 NASB)
Everyday Promises
What about everyday promises? Do even the bad things in our lives work for a greater blessing?
“And we know that all things work together for good to those who love God, to those who are the called according to His purpose.” (Romans 8:28 NKJV)
What about legitimate desires, large and small?
“Take delight in the Lord, and he will give you the desires of your heart.” (Psalm 37:4 NIV)
God may not grant our every wish, and are there conditions?
“But if you remain in me and my words remain in you, you may ask for anything you want, and it will be granted!” (John 15:7 NLT)
Is it important to ask, seek and knock?
“Ask, and it will be given you. Seek, and you will find. Knock, and it will be opened for you.” (Matthew 7:7 WEB)
What about martyrs who died for their faith? Jesus had the perfect prayer for that kind of situation.
“My Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me; nevertheless, not as I will, but as you will.” (Matthew 26:39 ESV)
Eternal life is God’s most important promise. It is promised to those who believe, who endure, who do God’s will, who sacrifice, who take communion in faith, who love others, who take care of the needy, who listen to and follow Jesus. Will you? You decide!
Bible E-Course 12c - Are You Perfect Yet?
Are you perfect yet? Perfection is a major topic in Hebrews. First of all, does it apply to Jesus?
“It was appropriate for God, for whom and through whom everything exists, to use experiences of suffering to make perfect the pioneer of salvation. This salvation belongs to many sons and daughters whom he’s leading to glory.” (Hebrews 2:10 CEB)
Jesus was God with us (Matthew 1:23), the Word made flesh (John 1:1-3, 14). How can we speak of Him being perfected? The Greek in this context means to complete, finish, or reach the final phase of a process. What process?
“... Because God’s children are human beings—made of flesh and blood—the Son also became flesh and blood. For only as a human being could he die, and only by dying could he break the power of the devil, who had the power of death. Only in this way could he set free all who have lived their lives as slaves to the fear of dying.” (Hebrews 2:11-15 NLT)
So the sinlessly perfect Son of God became the perfect Savior, setting us free from the power of death.
“... He had to be one of us, so he could serve God as our merciful and faithful high priest and sacrifice himself for the forgiveness of our sins. And now that Jesus has suffered and was tempted, he can help anyone else who is tempted.” (Hebrews 2:16-18 CEV)
Jesus did not need to learn to obey. He already was perfectly obedient since eternity past. But He did learn what obedience in the midst of suffering was. Thus He became our perfect source of salvation.
“Although he was a son, he learned obedience through what he suffered. And being made perfect, he became the source of eternal salvation to all who obey him, being designated by God a high priest after the order of Melchizedek.” (Hebrews 5:9 ESV)
Maturity or full growth is another aspect of the Greek word translated as perfection, when speaking of human beings.
“Therefore, leaving the elementary message about the Messiah, let us go on to maturity [perfection], not laying again the foundation ...” (Hebrews 6:1-2 HCSB)
Was there perfection in the Levitical priesthood?
“If therefore perfection were by the Levitical priesthood, (for under it the people received the law,) what further need was there that another priest should rise after the order of Melchisedec, and not be called after the order of Aaron?” (Hebrews 7:11 KJV)
Did the law make men perfect?
“(for the Law made nothing perfect); on the other hand, there is the introduction of a better hope, through which we come near to God.” (Hebrews 7:19 NASB)
Was one weakness of the law its weak human high priests?
“For the law appoints as high priests men in all their weakness; but the oath, which came after the law, appointed the Son, who has been made perfect forever.” (Hebrews 7:28 NIV)
Did the law perfect human consciences?
“It was symbolic for the present time in which both gifts and sacrifices are offered which cannot make him who performed the service perfect in regard to the conscience—concerned only with foods and drinks, various washings, and fleshly ordinances imposed until the time of reformation.” (Hebrews 9:9-10 NKJV)
Is there a more perfect way?
“So Christ has now become the High Priest over all the good things that have come. He has entered that greater, more perfect Tabernacle in heaven, which was not made by human hands and is not part of this created world.” (Hebrews 9:11 NLT)
Was perfection at all possible under the sacrificial system?
“For the law, having a shadow of the good to come, not the very image of the things, can never with the same sacrifices year by year, which they offer continually, make perfect those who draw near.” (Hebrews 10:1 WEB)
Why is Jesus’ offering so much better?
“because he perfected the people who are being made holy with one offering for all time.” (Hebrews 10:14 CEB)
How does the coming of the church age affect the saints of Old Testament times?
“And all these, though commended through their faith, did not receive what was promised, since God had provided something better for us, that apart from us they should not be made perfect.” (Hebrews 11:40-41 ESV)
What is Jesus’ instruction regarding perfection? Does God expect the impossible in a human being, to be sinlessly perfect? A lexicon reveals that the context means “one who has reached the proper height of virtue and integrity.”
“Therefore you shall be perfect [mature], just as your Father in heaven is perfect.” (Matthew 5:48 NKJV)
How is faith perfected? What does Abraham teach us?
“... You see that faith was active together with his works, and by works, faith was perfected. So the Scripture was fulfilled that says, Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him for righteousness, and he was called God’s friend.” (James 2:21-23 HCSB)
We can’t just sit around doing nothing and expect to become perfect. Faith without works is dead. What are you doing in your life to obey Christ? Do your deeds reveal faith in Him? You decide!
“It was appropriate for God, for whom and through whom everything exists, to use experiences of suffering to make perfect the pioneer of salvation. This salvation belongs to many sons and daughters whom he’s leading to glory.” (Hebrews 2:10 CEB)
Jesus was God with us (Matthew 1:23), the Word made flesh (John 1:1-3, 14). How can we speak of Him being perfected? The Greek in this context means to complete, finish, or reach the final phase of a process. What process?
“... Because God’s children are human beings—made of flesh and blood—the Son also became flesh and blood. For only as a human being could he die, and only by dying could he break the power of the devil, who had the power of death. Only in this way could he set free all who have lived their lives as slaves to the fear of dying.” (Hebrews 2:11-15 NLT)
So the sinlessly perfect Son of God became the perfect Savior, setting us free from the power of death.
“... He had to be one of us, so he could serve God as our merciful and faithful high priest and sacrifice himself for the forgiveness of our sins. And now that Jesus has suffered and was tempted, he can help anyone else who is tempted.” (Hebrews 2:16-18 CEV)
Jesus did not need to learn to obey. He already was perfectly obedient since eternity past. But He did learn what obedience in the midst of suffering was. Thus He became our perfect source of salvation.
“Although he was a son, he learned obedience through what he suffered. And being made perfect, he became the source of eternal salvation to all who obey him, being designated by God a high priest after the order of Melchizedek.” (Hebrews 5:9 ESV)
Maturity or full growth is another aspect of the Greek word translated as perfection, when speaking of human beings.
“Therefore, leaving the elementary message about the Messiah, let us go on to maturity [perfection], not laying again the foundation ...” (Hebrews 6:1-2 HCSB)
Was there perfection in the Levitical priesthood?
“If therefore perfection were by the Levitical priesthood, (for under it the people received the law,) what further need was there that another priest should rise after the order of Melchisedec, and not be called after the order of Aaron?” (Hebrews 7:11 KJV)
Did the law make men perfect?
“(for the Law made nothing perfect); on the other hand, there is the introduction of a better hope, through which we come near to God.” (Hebrews 7:19 NASB)
Was one weakness of the law its weak human high priests?
“For the law appoints as high priests men in all their weakness; but the oath, which came after the law, appointed the Son, who has been made perfect forever.” (Hebrews 7:28 NIV)
Did the law perfect human consciences?
“It was symbolic for the present time in which both gifts and sacrifices are offered which cannot make him who performed the service perfect in regard to the conscience—concerned only with foods and drinks, various washings, and fleshly ordinances imposed until the time of reformation.” (Hebrews 9:9-10 NKJV)
Is there a more perfect way?
“So Christ has now become the High Priest over all the good things that have come. He has entered that greater, more perfect Tabernacle in heaven, which was not made by human hands and is not part of this created world.” (Hebrews 9:11 NLT)
Was perfection at all possible under the sacrificial system?
“For the law, having a shadow of the good to come, not the very image of the things, can never with the same sacrifices year by year, which they offer continually, make perfect those who draw near.” (Hebrews 10:1 WEB)
Why is Jesus’ offering so much better?
“because he perfected the people who are being made holy with one offering for all time.” (Hebrews 10:14 CEB)
How does the coming of the church age affect the saints of Old Testament times?
“And all these, though commended through their faith, did not receive what was promised, since God had provided something better for us, that apart from us they should not be made perfect.” (Hebrews 11:40-41 ESV)
What is Jesus’ instruction regarding perfection? Does God expect the impossible in a human being, to be sinlessly perfect? A lexicon reveals that the context means “one who has reached the proper height of virtue and integrity.”
“Therefore you shall be perfect [mature], just as your Father in heaven is perfect.” (Matthew 5:48 NKJV)
How is faith perfected? What does Abraham teach us?
“... You see that faith was active together with his works, and by works, faith was perfected. So the Scripture was fulfilled that says, Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him for righteousness, and he was called God’s friend.” (James 2:21-23 HCSB)
We can’t just sit around doing nothing and expect to become perfect. Faith without works is dead. What are you doing in your life to obey Christ? Do your deeds reveal faith in Him? You decide!
Bible E-Course 12b - What is Faith?
A main theme of the book of Hebrews is faith. Was the Gospel also preached to ancient Israel? What was missing?
“For we also have had the good news proclaimed to us, just as they did; but the message they heard was of no value to them, because they did not share the faith of those who obeyed.” (Hebrews 4:2 NIV)
Is faith one of the basic things we were taught about Christ?
“We must try to become mature and start thinking about more than just the basic things we were taught about Christ. We shouldn't need to keep talking about why we ought to turn from deeds that bring death and why we ought to have faith in God.” (Hebrews 6:1 CEV)
Why imitate those who have faith?
“so that you may not be sluggish, but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises.” (Hebrews 6:12 ESV)
Does assurance have anything to do with faith?
“let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed in pure water.” (Hebrews 10:22 HCSB)
Do we live by faith?
“Now the just shall live by faith: but if any man draw back, my soul shall have no pleasure in him.” (Hebrews 10:38 KJV)
What is faith?
“Now faith is the certainty of things hoped for, a proof of things not seen.” (Hebrews 11:1)
What were the patriarchs and matriarchs commended for?
“This [faith] is what the ancients were commended for.” (Hebrews 11:2)
Do we have faith that God created all things?
“By faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of God, so that the things which are seen were not made of things which are visible.” (Hebrews 11:3 NKJV)
What was the difference between Abel and Cain’s offerings?
“It was by faith that Abel brought a more acceptable offering to God than Cain did. Abel’s offering gave evidence that he was a righteous man, and God showed his approval of his gifts. Although Abel is long dead, he still speaks to us by his example of faith.” (Hebrews 11:4 NLT)
Was faith also Enoch’s trait?
“By faith, Enoch was taken away, so that he wouldn’t see death, and he was not found, because God translated [changed] him. For he has had testimony given to him that before his translation he had been well pleasing to God.” (Hebrews 11:5 WEB)
Can we please God without faith?
“It’s impossible to please God without faith because the one who draws near to God must believe that he exists and that he rewards people who try to find him.” (Hebrews 11:6 CEB)
What actions proved Noah’s faith?
“Because Noah had faith, he was warned about something that had not yet happened. He obeyed and built a boat that saved him and his family. In this way the people of the world were judged, and Noah was given the blessings that come to everyone who pleases God.” (Hebrews 11:7 CEV)
What actions proved Abraham’s faith, and what was he looking forward to?
“By faith Abraham obeyed when he was called to go out to a place that he was to receive as an inheritance. And he went out, not knowing where he was going. By faith he went to live in the land of promise, as in a foreign land, living in tents with Isaac and Jacob, heirs with him of the same promise. For he was looking forward to the city that has foundations, whose designer and builder is God.” (Hebrews 11:8-10 ESV)
How did God bless Sarah’s faith?
“By faith even Sarah herself, when she was unable to have children, received power to conceive offspring, even though she was past the age, since she considered that the One who had promised was faithful...” (Hebrews 11:11-12 HCSB)
Did they receive the promises in this life or were they pilgrims, desiring a better country?
“These all died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them afar off, and were persuaded of them, and embraced them, and confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth. For they that say such things declare plainly that they seek a country. And truly, if they had been mindful of that country from whence they came out, they might have had opportunity to have returned. But now they desire a better country, that is, an heavenly: wherefore God is not ashamed to be called their God: for he hath prepared for them a city.” (Hebrews 11:13-16 KJV)
How else did Abraham act in faith?
“By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and the one who had received the promises was offering up his only son; it was he to whom it was said, ‘Through Isaac your descendants shall be named.’ He considered that God is able to raise people even from the dead, from which he also received him back as a type.” (Hebrews 11:17-19 NASB)
How did Isaac act in faith?
“By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau in regard to their future.” (Hebrews 11:20 NIV)
How did Jacob act in faith?
“By faith Jacob, when he was dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph, and worshiped, leaning on the top of his staff.” (Hebrews 11:21 NKJV)
How did Joseph act in faith?
“It was by faith that Joseph, when he was about to die, said confidently that the people of Israel would leave Egypt. He even commanded them to take his bones with them when they left.” (Hebrews 11:22 NLT)
How did Moses’ parents act in faith?
“By faith, Moses, when he was born, was hidden for three months by his parents, because they saw that he was a beautiful child, and they were not afraid of the king’s commandment.” (Hebrews 11:23 WEB)
How did Moses act in faith?
“By faith Moses refused to be called the son of Pharaoh’s daughter when he was grown up. He chose to be mistreated with God’s people instead of having the temporary pleasures of sin. He thought that the abuses he suffered for Christ were more valuable than the treasures of Egypt...” (Hebrews 11:24-28 CEB)
How did Rahab act in faith?
“Rahab had been a prostitute, but she had faith and welcomed the spies. So she wasn't killed with the people who disobeyed.” (Hebrews 11:31 CEV)
Did others also act in faith?
“By faith the people crossed the Red Sea as on dry land, but the Egyptians, when they attempted to do the same, were drowned. By faith the walls of Jericho fell down after they had been encircled for seven days… And what more shall I say? For time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets” (Hebrews 11:29-32 ESV)
What do these witnesses teach us?
“Therefore, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us also lay aside every weight, and sin which clings so closely, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us, looking to Jesus...” (Hebrews 12:1-2)
Do we learn from the faith of our spiritual ancestors? Will we too run with endurance in the race that is set before us? You decide!
“For we also have had the good news proclaimed to us, just as they did; but the message they heard was of no value to them, because they did not share the faith of those who obeyed.” (Hebrews 4:2 NIV)
Is faith one of the basic things we were taught about Christ?
“We must try to become mature and start thinking about more than just the basic things we were taught about Christ. We shouldn't need to keep talking about why we ought to turn from deeds that bring death and why we ought to have faith in God.” (Hebrews 6:1 CEV)
Why imitate those who have faith?
“so that you may not be sluggish, but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises.” (Hebrews 6:12 ESV)
Does assurance have anything to do with faith?
“let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed in pure water.” (Hebrews 10:22 HCSB)
Do we live by faith?
“Now the just shall live by faith: but if any man draw back, my soul shall have no pleasure in him.” (Hebrews 10:38 KJV)
What is faith?
“Now faith is the certainty of things hoped for, a proof of things not seen.” (Hebrews 11:1)
What were the patriarchs and matriarchs commended for?
“This [faith] is what the ancients were commended for.” (Hebrews 11:2)
Do we have faith that God created all things?
“By faith we understand that the worlds were framed by the word of God, so that the things which are seen were not made of things which are visible.” (Hebrews 11:3 NKJV)
What was the difference between Abel and Cain’s offerings?
“It was by faith that Abel brought a more acceptable offering to God than Cain did. Abel’s offering gave evidence that he was a righteous man, and God showed his approval of his gifts. Although Abel is long dead, he still speaks to us by his example of faith.” (Hebrews 11:4 NLT)
Was faith also Enoch’s trait?
“By faith, Enoch was taken away, so that he wouldn’t see death, and he was not found, because God translated [changed] him. For he has had testimony given to him that before his translation he had been well pleasing to God.” (Hebrews 11:5 WEB)
Can we please God without faith?
“It’s impossible to please God without faith because the one who draws near to God must believe that he exists and that he rewards people who try to find him.” (Hebrews 11:6 CEB)
What actions proved Noah’s faith?
“Because Noah had faith, he was warned about something that had not yet happened. He obeyed and built a boat that saved him and his family. In this way the people of the world were judged, and Noah was given the blessings that come to everyone who pleases God.” (Hebrews 11:7 CEV)
What actions proved Abraham’s faith, and what was he looking forward to?
“By faith Abraham obeyed when he was called to go out to a place that he was to receive as an inheritance. And he went out, not knowing where he was going. By faith he went to live in the land of promise, as in a foreign land, living in tents with Isaac and Jacob, heirs with him of the same promise. For he was looking forward to the city that has foundations, whose designer and builder is God.” (Hebrews 11:8-10 ESV)
How did God bless Sarah’s faith?
“By faith even Sarah herself, when she was unable to have children, received power to conceive offspring, even though she was past the age, since she considered that the One who had promised was faithful...” (Hebrews 11:11-12 HCSB)
Did they receive the promises in this life or were they pilgrims, desiring a better country?
“These all died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them afar off, and were persuaded of them, and embraced them, and confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth. For they that say such things declare plainly that they seek a country. And truly, if they had been mindful of that country from whence they came out, they might have had opportunity to have returned. But now they desire a better country, that is, an heavenly: wherefore God is not ashamed to be called their God: for he hath prepared for them a city.” (Hebrews 11:13-16 KJV)
How else did Abraham act in faith?
“By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and the one who had received the promises was offering up his only son; it was he to whom it was said, ‘Through Isaac your descendants shall be named.’ He considered that God is able to raise people even from the dead, from which he also received him back as a type.” (Hebrews 11:17-19 NASB)
How did Isaac act in faith?
“By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau in regard to their future.” (Hebrews 11:20 NIV)
How did Jacob act in faith?
“By faith Jacob, when he was dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph, and worshiped, leaning on the top of his staff.” (Hebrews 11:21 NKJV)
How did Joseph act in faith?
“It was by faith that Joseph, when he was about to die, said confidently that the people of Israel would leave Egypt. He even commanded them to take his bones with them when they left.” (Hebrews 11:22 NLT)
How did Moses’ parents act in faith?
“By faith, Moses, when he was born, was hidden for three months by his parents, because they saw that he was a beautiful child, and they were not afraid of the king’s commandment.” (Hebrews 11:23 WEB)
How did Moses act in faith?
“By faith Moses refused to be called the son of Pharaoh’s daughter when he was grown up. He chose to be mistreated with God’s people instead of having the temporary pleasures of sin. He thought that the abuses he suffered for Christ were more valuable than the treasures of Egypt...” (Hebrews 11:24-28 CEB)
How did Rahab act in faith?
“Rahab had been a prostitute, but she had faith and welcomed the spies. So she wasn't killed with the people who disobeyed.” (Hebrews 11:31 CEV)
Did others also act in faith?
“By faith the people crossed the Red Sea as on dry land, but the Egyptians, when they attempted to do the same, were drowned. By faith the walls of Jericho fell down after they had been encircled for seven days… And what more shall I say? For time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets” (Hebrews 11:29-32 ESV)
What do these witnesses teach us?
“Therefore, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us also lay aside every weight, and sin which clings so closely, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us, looking to Jesus...” (Hebrews 12:1-2)
Do we learn from the faith of our spiritual ancestors? Will we too run with endurance in the race that is set before us? You decide!
Bible E-Course 12b - Christ in Hebrews
A main theme of Hebrews is summarized in the opening statements. Who does God want us to primarily listen to, the ancient patriarchs, the prophets, the angelic messengers, or His Son?
“God, who at various times and in various ways spoke in time past to the fathers by the prophets, has in these last days spoken to us by His Son, whom He has appointed heir of all things, through whom also He made the worlds; who being the brightness of His glory and the express image of His person, and upholding all things by the word of His power, when He had by Himself purged our sins, sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high, having become so much better than the angels, as He has by inheritance obtained a more excellent name than they.” (Hebrews 1:1-4 NKJV)
What about Moses? He was God’s servant, imperfect but faithful.
“But Jesus deserves more honor than Moses, just as the builder of a house deserves more honor than the house.” (Hebrews 3:3 CEV)
What about Joshua? He led Israel faithfully into the promised land of rest, but not into eternal rest.
“Now if Joshua had succeeded in giving them this rest, God would not have spoken about another day of rest still to come. So there is a special rest still waiting for the people of God.” (Hebrews 4:8-9 NLT)
What about the priests in the line of Aaron, each temporary, succeeding the other after their death?
“but he [Jesus] became a priest with an oath when God said to him: ‘The Lord has sworn and will not change his mind: “You are a priest forever.” ’ ” (Hebrews 7:21 NIV)
Who do we see crowned with glory and honor?
“But we do see Jesus—made lower than the angels for a short time so that by God’s grace He might taste death for everyone—crowned with glory and honor because of His suffering in death.” (Hebrews 2:9 HCSB)
Who is the Apostle and High Priest that we acknowledge?
“Wherefore, holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, Christ Jesus” (Hebrews 3:1 KJV)
Where has our high priest ascended to?
“Therefore, since we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let’s hold firmly to our confession.” (Hebrews 4:14 NASB)
Levitical priests only held office for a limited time. How long does Jesus’ priesthood last?
“where the forerunner has entered for us, even Jesus, having become High Priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek.” (Hebrews 6:20 NKJV)
Is the new covenant better?
“Because of this oath, Jesus has become the guarantor of a better covenant.” (Hebrews 7:22 NIV)
How much superior was the offering made by Christ over the Old Testament sacrifices?
“Just think how much more the blood of Christ will purify our consciences from sinful deeds so that we can worship the living God. For by the power of the eternal Spirit, Christ offered himself to God as a perfect sacrifice for our sins.” (Hebrews 9:14 NLT)
How often was Jesus sacrificed?
“by which will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.” (Hebrews 10:10 WEB)
Under the old covenant, only the high priest could enter the holy of holies once a year on the Day of Atonement. Can we now enter the heavenly holy of holies?
“Brothers and sisters, we have confidence that we can enter the holy of holies by means of Jesus’ blood” (Hebrews 10:19 CEB)
How do we know this means heaven?
“Christ didn’t enter the holy place (which is a copy of the true holy place) made by human hands, but into heaven itself, so that he now appears in God’s presence for us.” (Hebrews 9:24 CEB)
Who initiates and perfects our faith?
“We do this by keeping our eyes on Jesus, the champion who initiates and perfects our faith. Because of the joy awaiting him, he endured the cross, disregarding its shame. Now he is seated in the place of honor beside God’s throne.” (Hebrews 12:2 NLT)
The main message of Hebrews is to focus primarily on Jesus, not any man or woman, nor any traditions that fall outside the centrality of Jesus. He is our Savior. He offered Himself once for all. He is our high priest forever. He is the guarantor of the new covenant. What’s your focus? You decide!
“God, who at various times and in various ways spoke in time past to the fathers by the prophets, has in these last days spoken to us by His Son, whom He has appointed heir of all things, through whom also He made the worlds; who being the brightness of His glory and the express image of His person, and upholding all things by the word of His power, when He had by Himself purged our sins, sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high, having become so much better than the angels, as He has by inheritance obtained a more excellent name than they.” (Hebrews 1:1-4 NKJV)
What about Moses? He was God’s servant, imperfect but faithful.
“But Jesus deserves more honor than Moses, just as the builder of a house deserves more honor than the house.” (Hebrews 3:3 CEV)
What about Joshua? He led Israel faithfully into the promised land of rest, but not into eternal rest.
“Now if Joshua had succeeded in giving them this rest, God would not have spoken about another day of rest still to come. So there is a special rest still waiting for the people of God.” (Hebrews 4:8-9 NLT)
What about the priests in the line of Aaron, each temporary, succeeding the other after their death?
“but he [Jesus] became a priest with an oath when God said to him: ‘The Lord has sworn and will not change his mind: “You are a priest forever.” ’ ” (Hebrews 7:21 NIV)
Who do we see crowned with glory and honor?
“But we do see Jesus—made lower than the angels for a short time so that by God’s grace He might taste death for everyone—crowned with glory and honor because of His suffering in death.” (Hebrews 2:9 HCSB)
Who is the Apostle and High Priest that we acknowledge?
“Wherefore, holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession, Christ Jesus” (Hebrews 3:1 KJV)
Where has our high priest ascended to?
“Therefore, since we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let’s hold firmly to our confession.” (Hebrews 4:14 NASB)
Levitical priests only held office for a limited time. How long does Jesus’ priesthood last?
“where the forerunner has entered for us, even Jesus, having become High Priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek.” (Hebrews 6:20 NKJV)
Is the new covenant better?
“Because of this oath, Jesus has become the guarantor of a better covenant.” (Hebrews 7:22 NIV)
How much superior was the offering made by Christ over the Old Testament sacrifices?
“Just think how much more the blood of Christ will purify our consciences from sinful deeds so that we can worship the living God. For by the power of the eternal Spirit, Christ offered himself to God as a perfect sacrifice for our sins.” (Hebrews 9:14 NLT)
How often was Jesus sacrificed?
“by which will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.” (Hebrews 10:10 WEB)
Under the old covenant, only the high priest could enter the holy of holies once a year on the Day of Atonement. Can we now enter the heavenly holy of holies?
“Brothers and sisters, we have confidence that we can enter the holy of holies by means of Jesus’ blood” (Hebrews 10:19 CEB)
How do we know this means heaven?
“Christ didn’t enter the holy place (which is a copy of the true holy place) made by human hands, but into heaven itself, so that he now appears in God’s presence for us.” (Hebrews 9:24 CEB)
Who initiates and perfects our faith?
“We do this by keeping our eyes on Jesus, the champion who initiates and perfects our faith. Because of the joy awaiting him, he endured the cross, disregarding its shame. Now he is seated in the place of honor beside God’s throne.” (Hebrews 12:2 NLT)
The main message of Hebrews is to focus primarily on Jesus, not any man or woman, nor any traditions that fall outside the centrality of Jesus. He is our Savior. He offered Himself once for all. He is our high priest forever. He is the guarantor of the new covenant. What’s your focus? You decide!
Bible E-Course 11c - Leadership Failures
Does faulty human leadership mean that we must rebel? When are leadership faults of a magnitude that God will reject a church leader? Let’s contrast Moses with Balaam.
Moses’ Error
When Israel lacked water, did Moses fail in his response? Did God change His instructions from striking a rock to speaking to a rock?
“Take the staff and assemble the community. You and your brother Aaron are to speak to the rock while they watch, and it will yield its water. You will bring out water for them from the rock and provide drink for the community and their livestock.” (Numbers 20:8 HCSB)
Did Moses momentarily forget his humility, and take credit for the water, instead of glorifying God for the miracle? Did he strike the rock instead of speaking to it as God had directed? Did God provide water despite Moses’ misconduct?
“... He said to them, ‘Listen, you rebels! Should we produce water from the rock for you?’ Then Moses raised his hand and struck the rock with his staff twice. Out flooded water so that the community and their animals could drink.” (Numbers 20:10-11 CEB)
How did God judge the actions of Moses and Aaron?
“And the Lord spake unto Moses and Aaron, Because ye believed me not, to sanctify me in the eyes of the children of Israel, therefore ye shall not bring this congregation into the land which I have given them.” (Numbers 20:12 HCSB)
Was this just a slip of the tongue or rebellion?
“Aaron will be gathered to his people; for he shall not enter the land which I have given to the sons of Israel, because you rebelled against My command at the waters of Meribah.” (Numbers 20:24 NASB)
Who also was at fault here? When congregations lack trust in God, what can that look like?
“... and they began to speak against God and Moses. ‘Why have you brought us out of Egypt to die here in the wilderness?’ they complained. ‘There is nothing to eat here and nothing to drink. And we hate this horrible manna!’ ” (Numbers 21:5 NLT)
What spiritual snakes might God send to punish a church? Can a rebellious church repent as Israel did?
“The people came to Moses and said, ‘We sinned when we spoke against the Lord and against you. Pray that the Lord will take the snakes away from us.’ So Moses prayed for the people.” (Numbers 21:7 NIV)
What pole do we look to for healing?
“Moses made a bronze snake and placed it on a pole. If a snake bit someone, that person could look at the bronze snake and live.” (Numbers 21:9 CEB)
Did the snake on a pole foreshadow the cross?
“And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up: That whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have eternal life.” (John 3:14-15 KJV)
Balaam’s Error
Have pagan religions influenced our churches? Did Balak, king of Moab, offer a greedy foreign prophet Balaam money to curse Israel for him? Did God intervene?
“God said to Balaam, ‘You shall not go with them. You shall not curse the people, for they are blessed.’ ” (Numbers 22:12 WEB)
In seven poetic oracles Balaam obeys God and prophesies blessings for Israel (Numbers 23-24). However, did he finally figure out how to get God to curse Israel, by the influence of pagan religion?
“They are the ones who followed Balaam's advice and invited our people to worship the god Baal Peor. That's why the Lord punished us by killing so many of our people.” (Numbers 31:16 CEV)
Are there still greedy people in the church who love the wages of wickedness?
“With eyes full of adultery, they never stop sinning; they seduce the unstable; they are experts in greed—an accursed brood! They have left the straight way and wandered off to follow the way of Balaam son of Bezer, who loved the wages of wickedness.” (2 Peter 2:14-15 NIV)
Can so-called progressive theology actually be regressive to ancient sins? Is Balaam named among such ancient sins?
“What sorrow awaits them! For they follow in the footsteps of Cain, who killed his brother. Like Balaam, they deceive people for money. And like Korah, they perish in their rebellion.” (Jude 1:11 NLT)
Does God warn the church via Pergamos about regression to the ancient doctrine of Balaam?
“But I have a few things against you, because you have there those who hold the doctrine of Balaam, who taught Balak to put a stumbling block before the children of Israel, to eat things sacrificed to idols, and to commit sexual immorality.” (Revelation 2:14 NKJV)
Moses and Balaam both had human weakness. Moses momentarily failed to credit God for a miracle. His track record was otherwise faithful. Balaam tried to deceive God’s people for financial gain. He was a wicked prophet. Will you confess your sins and choose faithfulness? You decide!
Moses’ Error
When Israel lacked water, did Moses fail in his response? Did God change His instructions from striking a rock to speaking to a rock?
“Take the staff and assemble the community. You and your brother Aaron are to speak to the rock while they watch, and it will yield its water. You will bring out water for them from the rock and provide drink for the community and their livestock.” (Numbers 20:8 HCSB)
Did Moses momentarily forget his humility, and take credit for the water, instead of glorifying God for the miracle? Did he strike the rock instead of speaking to it as God had directed? Did God provide water despite Moses’ misconduct?
“... He said to them, ‘Listen, you rebels! Should we produce water from the rock for you?’ Then Moses raised his hand and struck the rock with his staff twice. Out flooded water so that the community and their animals could drink.” (Numbers 20:10-11 CEB)
How did God judge the actions of Moses and Aaron?
“And the Lord spake unto Moses and Aaron, Because ye believed me not, to sanctify me in the eyes of the children of Israel, therefore ye shall not bring this congregation into the land which I have given them.” (Numbers 20:12 HCSB)
Was this just a slip of the tongue or rebellion?
“Aaron will be gathered to his people; for he shall not enter the land which I have given to the sons of Israel, because you rebelled against My command at the waters of Meribah.” (Numbers 20:24 NASB)
Who also was at fault here? When congregations lack trust in God, what can that look like?
“... and they began to speak against God and Moses. ‘Why have you brought us out of Egypt to die here in the wilderness?’ they complained. ‘There is nothing to eat here and nothing to drink. And we hate this horrible manna!’ ” (Numbers 21:5 NLT)
What spiritual snakes might God send to punish a church? Can a rebellious church repent as Israel did?
“The people came to Moses and said, ‘We sinned when we spoke against the Lord and against you. Pray that the Lord will take the snakes away from us.’ So Moses prayed for the people.” (Numbers 21:7 NIV)
What pole do we look to for healing?
“Moses made a bronze snake and placed it on a pole. If a snake bit someone, that person could look at the bronze snake and live.” (Numbers 21:9 CEB)
Did the snake on a pole foreshadow the cross?
“And as Moses lifted up the serpent in the wilderness, even so must the Son of man be lifted up: That whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have eternal life.” (John 3:14-15 KJV)
Balaam’s Error
Have pagan religions influenced our churches? Did Balak, king of Moab, offer a greedy foreign prophet Balaam money to curse Israel for him? Did God intervene?
“God said to Balaam, ‘You shall not go with them. You shall not curse the people, for they are blessed.’ ” (Numbers 22:12 WEB)
In seven poetic oracles Balaam obeys God and prophesies blessings for Israel (Numbers 23-24). However, did he finally figure out how to get God to curse Israel, by the influence of pagan religion?
“They are the ones who followed Balaam's advice and invited our people to worship the god Baal Peor. That's why the Lord punished us by killing so many of our people.” (Numbers 31:16 CEV)
Are there still greedy people in the church who love the wages of wickedness?
“With eyes full of adultery, they never stop sinning; they seduce the unstable; they are experts in greed—an accursed brood! They have left the straight way and wandered off to follow the way of Balaam son of Bezer, who loved the wages of wickedness.” (2 Peter 2:14-15 NIV)
Can so-called progressive theology actually be regressive to ancient sins? Is Balaam named among such ancient sins?
“What sorrow awaits them! For they follow in the footsteps of Cain, who killed his brother. Like Balaam, they deceive people for money. And like Korah, they perish in their rebellion.” (Jude 1:11 NLT)
Does God warn the church via Pergamos about regression to the ancient doctrine of Balaam?
“But I have a few things against you, because you have there those who hold the doctrine of Balaam, who taught Balak to put a stumbling block before the children of Israel, to eat things sacrificed to idols, and to commit sexual immorality.” (Revelation 2:14 NKJV)
Moses and Balaam both had human weakness. Moses momentarily failed to credit God for a miracle. His track record was otherwise faithful. Balaam tried to deceive God’s people for financial gain. He was a wicked prophet. Will you confess your sins and choose faithfulness? You decide!
Bible E-Course 11b - A Complaining Church
A common problem in ancient Israel was complaining. Times haven’t really changed.
“Soon the people began to complain about their hardship, and the Lord heard everything they said. Then the Lord’s anger blazed against them, and he sent a fire to rage among them, and he destroyed some of the people in the outskirts of the camp.” (Numbers 11:1 NLT)
Beware of ingratitude. Israel’s desire for meat instead of manna, revealed that they had actually rejected God.
“You shall eat, not one day, nor two days, nor five days, nor ten days, nor twenty days, but for a whole month, until it comes out of your nostrils and becomes loathsome to you, because you have despised the Lord who is among you, and have wept before Him, saying, ‘Why did we ever come up out of Egypt?’ ” (Numbers 11:19-20 NKJV)
Sometimes the greatest critics can be family members like Miriam and Aaron, who criticized their brother Moses.
“Then Miriam and Aaron spoke against Moses because of the Ethiopian woman whom he had married; for he had married an Ethiopian woman. So they said, ‘Has the Lord indeed spoken only through Moses? Has He not spoken through us also?’ And the Lord heard it… So the anger of the Lord was aroused against them ...” (Numbers 12:1-2, 9 NKJV)
Some Christians still criticize interracial marriages today. There is no such thing. We are all members of the human race. The only thing the Bible bans is interfaith marriage and business partnerships.
“Do not be yoked together with unbelievers. For what do righteousness and wickedness have in common? Or what fellowship can light have with darkness?” (2 Corinthians 6:14 NIV)
God punished Miriam perhaps because she was the instigator and Aaron just followed along like Adam with the forbidden fruit. Paul had learned a lesson that the Israelites had not.
“I am not complaining about having too little. I have learned to be satisfied with whatever I have.” (Philippians 4:11 CEV)
What’s wrong with a little complaining? God described Israel’s grumbling as wickedness with serious consequences.
“How long shall this wicked congregation grumble against me? I have heard the grumblings of the people of Israel, which they grumble against me. Say to them, ‘As I live, declares the Lord, what you have said in my hearing I will do to you: your dead bodies shall fall in this wilderness, and of all your number, listed in the census from twenty years old and upward, who have grumbled against me, not one shall come into the land where I swore that I would make you dwell, except Caleb the son of Jephunneh and Joshua the son of Nun.’ ” (Numbers 14:27-30 ESV)
Fault finders will eventually also criticize church leadership.
“All the Israelites criticized Moses and Aaron. The entire community said to them, “If only we had died in the land of Egypt or if only we had died in this desert!” (Numbers 14:2 CEB)
If God’s reign on earth were a democracy, they would have probably voted Moses out at this point, but it was not. Ten out of twelve scouts were grumblers who chose to undermine God’s vision for the future with negative reports. This can happen in Christian churches.
“So the men Moses sent to scout out the land, and who returned and incited the entire community to complain about him by spreading a negative report about the land—those men who spread the negative report about the land were struck down by the Lord.” (Numbers 14:36-37 HCSB)
Israel tested God ten times, disrespected Him and refused to listen. So, what was God’s decision about most of that generation?
“none of the men who saw my glory and the signs I did in Egypt and in the desert, but tested me these ten times and haven’t listened to my voice, will see the land I promised to their ancestors. All who disrespected me won’t see it. But I’ll bring my servant Caleb into the land that he explored, and his descendants will possess it because he has a different spirit, and he has remained true to me.” (Numbers 14:22-24 CEB)
When people criticize leaders that God put in charge, they may not be aware that they are also acting against God. Congregational decisions are sometimes helpful, when a public reputation is needed.
“And so, brothers, select seven men who are well respected and are full of the Spirit and wisdom. We will give them this responsibility.” (Acts 6:3 NLT)
Or those with a reputation for honesty must handle finances.
“When I arrive, whomever you approve, I will send them with letters to take your gift to Jerusalem” (1 Corinthians 16:3 NASB)
Congregational church polity in every decision often fails in other areas.
“For which cause both thou and all thy company are gathered together against the Lord: and what is Aaron, that ye murmur against him?” (Numbers 16:11 KJV)
God sometimes makes it quite plain who His chosen leaders are by miraculous events.
“The staff belonging to the man I choose will sprout, and I will rid myself of this constant grumbling against you by the Israelites… The Lord said to Moses, ‘Put back Aaron’s staff in front of the ark of the covenant law, to be kept as a sign to the rebellious. This will put an end to their grumbling against me, so that they will not die.’ ” (Numbers 17:5, 10 NIV)
All these events are lessons for the New Testament church.
“Now these things became our examples, to the intent that we should not lust after evil things as they also lusted. And do not become idolaters as were some of them. As it is written, ‘The people sat down to eat and drink, and rose up to play.’ Nor let us commit sexual immorality, as some of them did, and in one day twenty-three thousand fell; nor let us tempt Christ, as some of them also tempted, and were destroyed by serpents; nor complain, as some of them also complained, and were destroyed by the destroyer.” (1 Corinthians 10:6-10 NKJV)
Complaining causes people to criticize us.
“Do everything without complaining and arguing, so that no one can criticize you. Live clean, innocent lives as children of God, shining like bright lights in a world full of crooked and perverse people.” (Philippians 2:14-15 NLT)
Ungodly people have wormed their way into our churches, saying that God’s marvelous grace allows us to live immoral lives. They tend to murmur and complain, and are consumed by pride.
“These are murmurers and complainers, walking after their lusts—and their mouth speaks proud things—showing respect of persons to gain advantage.” (Jude 1:16 WEB)
No church member agrees with everything, but for the sake of peace, we keep quiet unless there is a serious sin. An undercurrent of criticizing or complaining only destroys. Normally, God expects us to hold up our elders’ hands like Aaron and Hur. How are you contributing to church unity? You decide!
“Soon the people began to complain about their hardship, and the Lord heard everything they said. Then the Lord’s anger blazed against them, and he sent a fire to rage among them, and he destroyed some of the people in the outskirts of the camp.” (Numbers 11:1 NLT)
Beware of ingratitude. Israel’s desire for meat instead of manna, revealed that they had actually rejected God.
“You shall eat, not one day, nor two days, nor five days, nor ten days, nor twenty days, but for a whole month, until it comes out of your nostrils and becomes loathsome to you, because you have despised the Lord who is among you, and have wept before Him, saying, ‘Why did we ever come up out of Egypt?’ ” (Numbers 11:19-20 NKJV)
Sometimes the greatest critics can be family members like Miriam and Aaron, who criticized their brother Moses.
“Then Miriam and Aaron spoke against Moses because of the Ethiopian woman whom he had married; for he had married an Ethiopian woman. So they said, ‘Has the Lord indeed spoken only through Moses? Has He not spoken through us also?’ And the Lord heard it… So the anger of the Lord was aroused against them ...” (Numbers 12:1-2, 9 NKJV)
Some Christians still criticize interracial marriages today. There is no such thing. We are all members of the human race. The only thing the Bible bans is interfaith marriage and business partnerships.
“Do not be yoked together with unbelievers. For what do righteousness and wickedness have in common? Or what fellowship can light have with darkness?” (2 Corinthians 6:14 NIV)
God punished Miriam perhaps because she was the instigator and Aaron just followed along like Adam with the forbidden fruit. Paul had learned a lesson that the Israelites had not.
“I am not complaining about having too little. I have learned to be satisfied with whatever I have.” (Philippians 4:11 CEV)
What’s wrong with a little complaining? God described Israel’s grumbling as wickedness with serious consequences.
“How long shall this wicked congregation grumble against me? I have heard the grumblings of the people of Israel, which they grumble against me. Say to them, ‘As I live, declares the Lord, what you have said in my hearing I will do to you: your dead bodies shall fall in this wilderness, and of all your number, listed in the census from twenty years old and upward, who have grumbled against me, not one shall come into the land where I swore that I would make you dwell, except Caleb the son of Jephunneh and Joshua the son of Nun.’ ” (Numbers 14:27-30 ESV)
Fault finders will eventually also criticize church leadership.
“All the Israelites criticized Moses and Aaron. The entire community said to them, “If only we had died in the land of Egypt or if only we had died in this desert!” (Numbers 14:2 CEB)
If God’s reign on earth were a democracy, they would have probably voted Moses out at this point, but it was not. Ten out of twelve scouts were grumblers who chose to undermine God’s vision for the future with negative reports. This can happen in Christian churches.
“So the men Moses sent to scout out the land, and who returned and incited the entire community to complain about him by spreading a negative report about the land—those men who spread the negative report about the land were struck down by the Lord.” (Numbers 14:36-37 HCSB)
Israel tested God ten times, disrespected Him and refused to listen. So, what was God’s decision about most of that generation?
“none of the men who saw my glory and the signs I did in Egypt and in the desert, but tested me these ten times and haven’t listened to my voice, will see the land I promised to their ancestors. All who disrespected me won’t see it. But I’ll bring my servant Caleb into the land that he explored, and his descendants will possess it because he has a different spirit, and he has remained true to me.” (Numbers 14:22-24 CEB)
When people criticize leaders that God put in charge, they may not be aware that they are also acting against God. Congregational decisions are sometimes helpful, when a public reputation is needed.
“And so, brothers, select seven men who are well respected and are full of the Spirit and wisdom. We will give them this responsibility.” (Acts 6:3 NLT)
Or those with a reputation for honesty must handle finances.
“When I arrive, whomever you approve, I will send them with letters to take your gift to Jerusalem” (1 Corinthians 16:3 NASB)
Congregational church polity in every decision often fails in other areas.
“For which cause both thou and all thy company are gathered together against the Lord: and what is Aaron, that ye murmur against him?” (Numbers 16:11 KJV)
God sometimes makes it quite plain who His chosen leaders are by miraculous events.
“The staff belonging to the man I choose will sprout, and I will rid myself of this constant grumbling against you by the Israelites… The Lord said to Moses, ‘Put back Aaron’s staff in front of the ark of the covenant law, to be kept as a sign to the rebellious. This will put an end to their grumbling against me, so that they will not die.’ ” (Numbers 17:5, 10 NIV)
All these events are lessons for the New Testament church.
“Now these things became our examples, to the intent that we should not lust after evil things as they also lusted. And do not become idolaters as were some of them. As it is written, ‘The people sat down to eat and drink, and rose up to play.’ Nor let us commit sexual immorality, as some of them did, and in one day twenty-three thousand fell; nor let us tempt Christ, as some of them also tempted, and were destroyed by serpents; nor complain, as some of them also complained, and were destroyed by the destroyer.” (1 Corinthians 10:6-10 NKJV)
Complaining causes people to criticize us.
“Do everything without complaining and arguing, so that no one can criticize you. Live clean, innocent lives as children of God, shining like bright lights in a world full of crooked and perverse people.” (Philippians 2:14-15 NLT)
Ungodly people have wormed their way into our churches, saying that God’s marvelous grace allows us to live immoral lives. They tend to murmur and complain, and are consumed by pride.
“These are murmurers and complainers, walking after their lusts—and their mouth speaks proud things—showing respect of persons to gain advantage.” (Jude 1:16 WEB)
No church member agrees with everything, but for the sake of peace, we keep quiet unless there is a serious sin. An undercurrent of criticizing or complaining only destroys. Normally, God expects us to hold up our elders’ hands like Aaron and Hur. How are you contributing to church unity? You decide!
Bible E-Course 11a - An Organized Church
There are extremes in the organization of Christian churches. Some want to give the Holy Spirit freedom to “flow” but God is organized.
“God isn’t a God of disorder but of peace. Like in all the churches of God’s people” (1 Corinthians 14:33 CEB)
What did God model as an example of His character in ancient Israel? Israel’s camping arrangements in the wilderness were not haphazard, but well organized, indicating that God is methodical. And if that’s God’s way, perhaps we in the church can learn from the spirit of His instructions here in Numbers.
The Hebrew title of this book is “In the Wilderness” coming from the first words.
“The Lord spoke to Moses in the wilderness…” (Numbers 1:1 ESV)
It is also a good picture of our earthly pilgrimage in this world’s wilderness of sin. We may notice God’s command for patriarchal leadership, like a large family, with males at the head. Do we trust that God knows what’s best?
“Take a census of the entire Israelite community by their clans and their households, recording the name of every male, 20 years old and above, who is eligible for military service in Israel. These you and Aaron will enlist in their military units. Take with you one man from each tribe who is the head of his household.” (Numbers 1:2-4 CEB)
How does this relate to organizing a church? Those who have ever sung the old hymn “Onward Christian Soldiers” may understand. We are in spiritual warfare.
Next come the camping arrangements, three tribes on the east, three on the south, Levites in the middle, three on the west, and three on the north. This is similar to the design of the Holy City, New Jerusalem, indicating that God has not changed His fundamental character, even under a new covenant.
“The city had a massive high wall, with 12 gates. Twelve angels were at the gates; the names of the 12 tribes of Israel’s sons were inscribed on the gates. There were three gates on the east, three gates on the north, three gates on the south, and three gates on the west.” (Revelation 21:12-13 HCSB)
A Levite male served for 20 years in priestly service and then retired.
“From thirty years old and upward even until fifty years old, all that enter into the host, to do the work in the tabernacle of the congregation.” (Numbers 4:3 KJV, cf. 23, 30, 35, 39, 43, 47)
They began by serving a five year apprenticeship at age 25.
“This is what applies to the Levites: from twenty-five years old and upward they shall enter to perform service in the work of the tent of meeting.” (Numbers 8:24 NASB)
However, male and female volunteers could also separate themselves to a time in God’s service as a Nazirite.
“... When either a man or woman consecrates an offering to take the vow of a Nazirite, to separate himself to the Lord, he shall separate himself from wine and similar drink; he shall drink neither vinegar made from wine nor vinegar made from similar drink; neither shall he drink any grape juice, nor eat fresh grapes or raisins.” (Numbers 6:2-3 NKJV)
Passover was considered to be so important that a traveling or unclean person could take it in the second month. Could this be one principle of many behind why some view every Sunday as a little Easter/Passover?
“When any of you or your descendants are unclean because of a dead body or are away on a journey, they are still to celebrate the Lord’s Passover, but they are to do it on the fourteenth day of the second month at twilight.” (Numbers 9:10-11 NIV)
The second census like the first might seem to be solely for military purposes, but it was also so that the land could be fairly distributed among the tribes and families.
“To these the land shall be divided as an inheritance, according to the number of names.” (Numbers 26:53 NIV)
God had designed Israel to be a patriarchal society. Jesus continued this pattern with the twelve apostles, and the church continued it with seven male proto-deacons and male elders in local churches. This pattern is continued by the ancient churches and Protestant churches that are faithful to scripture.
Inheritance in the land was also mostly given to males. Most women would marry and share in their husband’s farm. There were exceptions made for fairness. One exception was Zelophehad’s five daughters. He died with no sons. His daughters sought Moses’ advice. God replied to Moses’ question.
“The daughters of Zelophehad speak what is right; you shall surely give them a possession of inheritance among their father’s brothers, and cause the inheritance of their father to pass to them.” (Numbers 27:7 NKJV)
Modern Christians can be quick to judge by worldly standards, because we still act just like ancient Israelites and criticize God. Let’s learn to trust God, that His way is for our blessing? Whose instructions were they?
“So Moses told the Israelites everything the Lord had commanded him.” (Numbers 29:40 HCSB)
Does God want us to be organized or disorganized as churches? Are God’s plans meticulous or sloppy? You decide!
“God isn’t a God of disorder but of peace. Like in all the churches of God’s people” (1 Corinthians 14:33 CEB)
What did God model as an example of His character in ancient Israel? Israel’s camping arrangements in the wilderness were not haphazard, but well organized, indicating that God is methodical. And if that’s God’s way, perhaps we in the church can learn from the spirit of His instructions here in Numbers.
The Hebrew title of this book is “In the Wilderness” coming from the first words.
“The Lord spoke to Moses in the wilderness…” (Numbers 1:1 ESV)
It is also a good picture of our earthly pilgrimage in this world’s wilderness of sin. We may notice God’s command for patriarchal leadership, like a large family, with males at the head. Do we trust that God knows what’s best?
“Take a census of the entire Israelite community by their clans and their households, recording the name of every male, 20 years old and above, who is eligible for military service in Israel. These you and Aaron will enlist in their military units. Take with you one man from each tribe who is the head of his household.” (Numbers 1:2-4 CEB)
How does this relate to organizing a church? Those who have ever sung the old hymn “Onward Christian Soldiers” may understand. We are in spiritual warfare.
Next come the camping arrangements, three tribes on the east, three on the south, Levites in the middle, three on the west, and three on the north. This is similar to the design of the Holy City, New Jerusalem, indicating that God has not changed His fundamental character, even under a new covenant.
“The city had a massive high wall, with 12 gates. Twelve angels were at the gates; the names of the 12 tribes of Israel’s sons were inscribed on the gates. There were three gates on the east, three gates on the north, three gates on the south, and three gates on the west.” (Revelation 21:12-13 HCSB)
A Levite male served for 20 years in priestly service and then retired.
“From thirty years old and upward even until fifty years old, all that enter into the host, to do the work in the tabernacle of the congregation.” (Numbers 4:3 KJV, cf. 23, 30, 35, 39, 43, 47)
They began by serving a five year apprenticeship at age 25.
“This is what applies to the Levites: from twenty-five years old and upward they shall enter to perform service in the work of the tent of meeting.” (Numbers 8:24 NASB)
However, male and female volunteers could also separate themselves to a time in God’s service as a Nazirite.
“... When either a man or woman consecrates an offering to take the vow of a Nazirite, to separate himself to the Lord, he shall separate himself from wine and similar drink; he shall drink neither vinegar made from wine nor vinegar made from similar drink; neither shall he drink any grape juice, nor eat fresh grapes or raisins.” (Numbers 6:2-3 NKJV)
Passover was considered to be so important that a traveling or unclean person could take it in the second month. Could this be one principle of many behind why some view every Sunday as a little Easter/Passover?
“When any of you or your descendants are unclean because of a dead body or are away on a journey, they are still to celebrate the Lord’s Passover, but they are to do it on the fourteenth day of the second month at twilight.” (Numbers 9:10-11 NIV)
The second census like the first might seem to be solely for military purposes, but it was also so that the land could be fairly distributed among the tribes and families.
“To these the land shall be divided as an inheritance, according to the number of names.” (Numbers 26:53 NIV)
God had designed Israel to be a patriarchal society. Jesus continued this pattern with the twelve apostles, and the church continued it with seven male proto-deacons and male elders in local churches. This pattern is continued by the ancient churches and Protestant churches that are faithful to scripture.
Inheritance in the land was also mostly given to males. Most women would marry and share in their husband’s farm. There were exceptions made for fairness. One exception was Zelophehad’s five daughters. He died with no sons. His daughters sought Moses’ advice. God replied to Moses’ question.
“The daughters of Zelophehad speak what is right; you shall surely give them a possession of inheritance among their father’s brothers, and cause the inheritance of their father to pass to them.” (Numbers 27:7 NKJV)
Modern Christians can be quick to judge by worldly standards, because we still act just like ancient Israelites and criticize God. Let’s learn to trust God, that His way is for our blessing? Whose instructions were they?
“So Moses told the Israelites everything the Lord had commanded him.” (Numbers 29:40 HCSB)
Does God want us to be organized or disorganized as churches? Are God’s plans meticulous or sloppy? You decide!
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